Genesis of Xinzhai Sandstone-Type Copper Deposit in Northern Laos: Geological and Geochemical Evidences

Jianguo Huang; Tao Ren; Haijun Zou

doi:10.1007/s12583-018-0861-x

Volume 30 Issue 1

Jan 2019

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Journal of Earth Science > 2019 > 30(1): 95-108.

Jianguo Huang, Tao Ren, Haijun Zou. Genesis of Xinzhai Sandstone-Type Copper Deposit in Northern Laos: Geological and Geochemical Evidences. Journal of Earth Science, 2019, 30(1): 95-108. doi: 10.1007/s12583-018-0861-x

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Jianguo Huang, Tao Ren, Haijun Zou. Genesis of Xinzhai Sandstone-Type Copper Deposit in Northern Laos: Geological and Geochemical Evidences. Journal of Earth Science, 2019, 30(1): 95-108. doi: 10.1007/s12583-018-0861-x

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Genesis of Xinzhai Sandstone-Type Copper Deposit in Northern Laos: Geological and Geochemical Evidences

doi: 10.1007/s12583-018-0861-x

1.
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China

Funds:

The project of the National Science Foundation of China 41663006

The innovation team of KMUST ore-forming dynamics and prediction of concealed deposits 2008

More Information

Corresponding author: Tao Ren
Received Date: 27 Jun 2018
Accepted Date: 03 Sep 2018
Publish Date: 01 Feb 2019

Abstract

Abstract

Xinzhai sandstone-type copper deposit located in northern Laos lies in the Jiangcheng-Phongsaly-Phrae Mesozoic basin (JPMB), which is regarded as southern extension of the Lanping-Simao Mesozoic basin in China. The copper deposit belt is bounded by the Ailaoshan-Heishui River fault and the Dian Bien Phu-Luang Prabang fault at the east and Lancang River-Bannankan faults at the west. Two types of orebodies are identified in the Xinzhai area based on geological investigation. One is lamellar copper orebody hosted by the fine lithic feldspar sandstones and feldspar lithic sandstones; another is vein-type orebody. The sulfur isotopic compositions of the chalcopyrite and tetrahedrite are from -11.6‰ to -1.8‰, indicating that sulfur is derived from bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR). δD values of fluid inclusions in ore-bearing quartz samples are from -99‰ to -78‰. The calculated δ¹⁸O_H₂_O values of ore-forming fluid vary from -2.3‰ to 0.4‰ using the quartz-water fractionation equations and the mineralization temperature. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions show that the ore-forming fluid was derived from basin fluid. Rock-mineral identifications show that both of the mineral grain maturity and the structural maturity are high in the Jurassic Huakaizuo Formation, reflecting a far-source accumulation and lake facies sedimentatary environment. Based on tectonic determination diagram of the Al₂O₃/SiO₂-TFe+MgO, the sandstone samples collected from the Huakaizuo Formation were plotted in the passive continental margin. The collision of the Indian and Eurasian blocks during the Cenozoic formed large-scale strike-slips and thrust nappe structures in margin of the basin. With the tectonic movement, Cu-rich basin fluid from the basement of basin migrated upward along the contemporaneous fault and into the high porosity strata. At the same time, in organic matter-riched condition, bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) has been triggered, forming a large number of S^2- ions, and then precipitation of sulfide started. This mechanism describes the process of copper mineral deposition in the Xinzhai deposit.
- Laos,
- sandstone-type copper deposit,
- geology,
- geochemistry,
- genesis

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References(76)

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Genesis of Xinzhai Sandstone-Type Copper Deposit in Northern Laos: Geological and Geochemical Evidences

doi: 10.1007/s12583-018-0861-x

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Genesis of Xinzhai Sandstone-Type Copper Deposit in Northern Laos: Geological and Geochemical Evidences

doi: 10.1007/s12583-018-0861-x

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