Advanced Search

Indexed by SCI、CA、РЖ、PA、CSA、ZR、etc .

Volume 12 Issue 1
Mar 2001
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Ahmad Sarfaraz, Hasnain Syed Iqbal. Chemical Characteristics of Stream Draining from Dudu Glacier: An Alpine Meltwater Stream in Ganga Headwater, Garhwal Himalaya. Journal of Earth Science, 2001, 12(1): 75-83.
Citation: Ahmad Sarfaraz, Hasnain Syed Iqbal. Chemical Characteristics of Stream Draining from Dudu Glacier: An Alpine Meltwater Stream in Ganga Headwater, Garhwal Himalaya. Journal of Earth Science, 2001, 12(1): 75-83.

Chemical Characteristics of Stream Draining from Dudu Glacier: An Alpine Meltwater Stream in Ganga Headwater, Garhwal Himalaya

  • Received Date: 18 Jul 2000
  • Accepted Date: 11 Dec 2000
  • The EC (electrical conductivity), pH and concentrations of major anions, cations and dissolved silica were determined in the stream meltwater draining from the glacier. Stream meltwater samples were sampled during June and October 1997 from Dudu glacier, Bhngirathi valley, Garhwal Himalaya. This study is an attempt to reveal the hydrochemical processes operating in the glacialized regime of Garhwal Himalaya. The results show that the abundance order of cations and anions in the meltwater is c(Ca2+) > c(Na+) > c(Mg2+) > c(K+) and c(SO42-) > c(HCO3-) > c(NO3-) > c(CI-). The rock weathering is the most important mechanism controlling the water chemistry in the basin. Pyrite oxidation and carbonation are the main hydrogen ion supply reactions contributing to the chemical weathering in the basin. There is a distinct difference between the solute concentrations in samples collected during June and October.

     

  • loading
  • Agarwal A, Narain S, 1989. State of India Environment. A Citizen Report: Center for Science and Environment, 807, Vishal Bhawan, 95 Nehru Place, New Delhi, 167
    Agarwal N C, Kumar G, 1973. Geology of Upper Bhagirathi and Yamuna Valleys, Uttar Kashi District, Kumaon Himalayas. In: Jingran A G, Valdia K S, eds. Himalayan Geology. Inst Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, India, 3: 45-56
    Ahmad S, 1995. Hydro-Geochemistry of Meltwater Draining from Bagni Bank, Dhauli Ganga Basin, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttar Pradesh, India: [Dissertation]. New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru University. 120
    Ahmad S, Hasnain S I, 1998. Hydro-Geochemical Characteristics of Meltwater Draining from Bagni Glacier, Dhauliganga Basin, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttar Pradesh. J Applied Hydrology, 12: 53-59
    Ahmad S, Hasnain S I, 2000. Snow and Stream Water Chemistry of Ganga Headwater Basin, Garhwal Himalaya, India. Hydrol Science Journal, (communicated)
    APHA-AWWA-WPCF, 1985. Standard Method for the Analysis of Water and Waste Water. 15th ed. Washington D C: Amer Public Health Assoc. 1570
    Biksham G, Subramaniun V, 1988. Nature of Solute Transport in the Godavari Basin, India. Journal of Hydrology, 103: 375-392 doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(88)90145-X
    Brown G H, Sharp M, Tranter M, 1996. Subglacial Chemical Erosion: Seasonal Variations in Solute Provenance, Haut Glacier d' Arolla, Valais, Switzerland. Annals of Glaciology, 22: 25-31 doi: 10.3189/1996AoG22-1-25-31
    Bruijnzeel L A, Bremmer C N, 1989. High Level-Low Level Interactivities in the GangesBrahmaputra River Basin: A Review of Published Literature. ICIMOD Occasional Pa per No. 11, Katmandu, Nepal, 120
    Chauhan D S, 1995. Chemical Charateristics of the Meltwaler Draining from the SalopanthBhagirathi Kharak Glacier, Alaknanda Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India: [Dissertation]. New Delhi: JUN. 150
    Collins D N, 1978. Hydrology of an Alpine Glacier as Indicated by the Chemnical Composition of Meltwaler. Z Gletscherked Glaxialge, 13: 219-238
    Collins D N, 1979a. Sediment Concentration in Melwaler as an Indicalor of Erosion Processes beneath an Alpine Glacier. Joumal of Glaciology, 23: -257
    Collins D N, 1979b. Quantitalive Delernination of the Subglacial Hydrology of the Two Alpine Glaciers. Joumal of Glaciology, 23: 347-362 doi: 10.3189/S0022143000029956
    Collins D N, 1983. Solute Yield from a Glacierised High Mountain Basin. Intemational Association of Hydrological Sciences, 141: 41-50
    Collins D N, Hasnain S I, 1994. Runoff and Sediment Transport from the Clacierised Basins at the Himalayan Scale. Alpine Glacier Prject Working Paper 15, University of Manchester, 14
    Forence T M, Farrar Y J, 1971. Spectrophotometric Deternination of Chloride at the Parts-Per-Bllion Level by the Mercury (Ⅱ) Thiocyanate Method. Annals of Chemical Acta, 54: 373-377 doi: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)82142-5
    Garrels R M, Christ C L, 1965. Solutions, Minerals and Equilibrium. New York: Harper and Row. 450
    Garrels R M, Mackenzie F T, 1971. Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks. New York: W W Norton. 450
    Hasnain S I, Thayyen R, 1996. Sediment Transport and Solute Variation in Meltwater of Dokriani Glacier (Bamak), Garthwal Himalaya. Geol Soe India, 47: 731-739
    Hasnain S I, Subramaniun V, Dhanpal K, 1989. Chemical Charateristics and Suspended Sediment Load of Melwater from a Himalayan Glacier in India. Joumnal of Hydrology, 106: 99-106 doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(89)90168-6
    Lenmens M, Roger M, 1978. Inluence of lon Exchange on Dissolved Loaed of Alpine Melwater. Farth Surface Processes, 3: 179-187 doi: 10.1002/esp.3290030206
    Maybeck M, 1981. Pathways of Major FElements from Land to Ocean through River. In: River Inputs to Ocean Systens UNEP/UNESCO Rept, 18-30
    Ostrem G, 1981. Sediment Transports in Glacial Melwater Streams. In: Jopling A V, McDonald B C, eds. Glacioluvial and Glacilacusterine Sedimentation Sociely. Eonornie Paleonlology Special Publication, 23: 101-122
    Panda S K, 1992. Hydrochemical Characteristics of Meltwater Draining from the Kafmni Glacier, Pinder Valley, India: [Dissertation]. New Delhi: JUN, 76
    Pandey S K, 1999. Aspect of Weathering Processes Chemical Characteristics of Pindari Clacier Meltwaler, Kumaon Himalaya, India: [Disestation]. New Delhi: JUN. 184
    Rainwater F H, Guy H P, 1961. Some Observations on the Hyrochenistry and Sedimentation of the Chambelain Glacier Area, Alaska. Geological Survey of Us Professional Paper, 414: 1-14
    Raiswell R, 1984. Chemical Models of Solute Acquisition in Glacier Meltwaler. Joumal of Glaciology, 30, 104: 49-57
    Raju A, 1993. Chemical Characteristics of Snow, Ice and Meltwater from Gangotri Glacier Basin, Bhagiahi Valley, India: [Dissertation]. New Delhi: JUN, 134
    Reynolds R C, Jonson N M, 1972. Chemical Weathering in the Tenperate Glacial Environments of the Northem Caseade Mountains. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 36: 537-554 doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(72)90074-9
    Sarin M M, Krishnaswamy S, Dilli K, et al, 1989. Major lon Chemistry of the Ganga-Brahamputra River System: Weathering Processes and Fluxes of the Bay of Bengal. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acla, 53: 997-1009 doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(89)90205-6
    Sarin M M, Krishnaswanmy S K, Trivedi J R, et al, 1992. Major lon Chenistry of the Ganga Source Walers: Weathering in the High Altitude Himalaya. Proe Indian Academy of Science (Earth Planet Sei), (1): 89-98
    Singh K P, 1992. Hydrochenical Characteristics of Melwater Draining from the Bhagnyu Glacier Alaknanda Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India: [Dissertation]. New Delhi: JUN. 58
    Slouches R A, Lamenes M, Lorrain R D, et al, 1978. Pressure Meling within a Glacier as Indicated by the Chemistry of Re-gelation lee. Nature, 27: 454-456
    Stallard R F, Edmond J M, 1983. Geochenistry of the Amazon, the Infuence of the Geology and Weathering Environment on the Dissolved Load. Joumal of Gophysical Research, 88: 9671-9688
    Stednick J D, 1989. Hydrochemical Characteristics of Alpine and Alpine-Sub-alpine Stream Waters, Colorado Rocky Mountains. Aretic and Alpine Research, 3: 276-282
    Vohra C P, 1989. Himalayan Glaciers. In: Lall J S, Moddie A D, eds. The Himalaya. Oxford: Oxford Univensity Press. 138-151
    Zeman L J, 1974. Collection of Chernical Fallout from the Amosphere. Canadian Joumal of Agriculure Engineering, 2: 69-72
    Zeng D, Benxing F, 1989. The Efluence of Himalaya Uplift on the Development of Quaternary Glaciers, Zeitschrift Fur Geomorphologie Suppl. In: Miller K J, ed. The Intemational Karnkoram Project. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2: 89
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Figures(9)  / Tables(5)

    Article Metrics

    Article views(1375) PDF downloads(24) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return