Petrogenesis of Granites from the Utla Area of Gadoon, North-West Pakistan: Implications from Petrography and Geochemistry

Muhammad Sajid; Mohammad Arif; M Tahir Shah

doi:10.1007/s12583-014-0435-5

Volume 25 Issue 3

Jun 2014

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Journal of Earth Science > 2014 > 25(3): 445-459.

Muhammad Sajid, Mohammad Arif, M Tahir Shah. Petrogenesis of Granites from the Utla Area of Gadoon, North-West Pakistan: Implications from Petrography and Geochemistry. Journal of Earth Science, 2014, 25(3): 445-459. doi: 10.1007/s12583-014-0435-5

Citation:

Muhammad Sajid, Mohammad Arif, M Tahir Shah. Petrogenesis of Granites from the Utla Area of Gadoon, North-West Pakistan: Implications from Petrography and Geochemistry. Journal of Earth Science, 2014, 25(3): 445-459. doi: 10.1007/s12583-014-0435-5

Citation:

PDF( 485 KB)

Petrogenesis of Granites from the Utla Area of Gadoon, North-West Pakistan: Implications from Petrography and Geochemistry

doi: 10.1007/s12583-014-0435-5

1.
Department of Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
2.
National Center of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan

More Information

Corresponding author: Muhammad Sajid, mr.sajid@upesh.edu.pk
Received Date: 13 Sep 2013
Accepted Date: 23 Feb 2014
Publish Date: 01 Jun 2014

Abstract

Abstract

The granitic rocks around the Utla area (Gadoon),north western,Pakistan are studied in terms of their petrographic features and geochemical characteristics. Although predominantly mega-porphyritic,some of the Utla granites are massive and display fine-grained equi-granular texture. Some of the mega-porphyritic varieties exhibit foliation and seem to be restricted to shear zones. In addition to being distributed largely as phenocrysts,all the essential minerals (plagioclase,perthitic alkali feldspar and quartz) also constitute the groundmass. The studied samples also contain minor to accessory amounts of tourmaline,muscovite and biotite and accessory to trace amounts of apatite,andalusite,garnet,zircon,monazite,epidote and sphene. A detailed geochemical investigation reveals a calc-alkaline and peraluminous character of the Utla granites. The peraluminous character and total lack of hornblende designate their S-type character while a volcanic arc or syn-collisional tectonic setting for their emplacement is indicated by discrimination diagrams. Further examination shows that the melt parental to the Utla granite was derived from a plagioclase-poor,clay-rich rock,i.e.,pelite. The petrogenetically significant petrographic and geochemical features of the Utla granite show greater similarity with the Mansehra than the Ambela granites. These include (ⅰ) the predominantly megaporphyritic texture,(ⅱ) the presence of andalusite and tourmaline,(ⅲ) the calc-alkaline geochemical signature and (ⅳ) an indication of similar melt source rock character.
- petrography,
- geochemistry,
- granite,
- Utla,
- Pakistan

FullText(HTML)

References(54)

References

Ahmad, I., Khan, S., Lapen, T., et al., 2013. Isotopic Ages for Alkaline Igneous Rocks, Including a 26 Ma Ignimbrite, from the Peshawar Plain of Northern Pakistan and Their Tectonic Implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 62: 414–424 doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.10.025

Anczkiewicz, R., Burg, J. P., Hussain, S. S., et al., 1998. Stratigraphy and Structure of the Indus Suture in the Lower Swat, Pakistan, NW Himalaya. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 16(2–3): 225–238 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743954798000038

Chappell, B. W., White, A. J. R., 1992. I- and S-Type Granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 83: 1–26 doi: 10.1017/S0263593300007720

Chappell, B. W., 1999. Aluminium Saturation in I- and S-Type Granites and the Characterization of Fractionated Haplogranites. Lithos, 46: 535–551 doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00086-3

Chappell, B. W., White, A. J. R., 2001. Two Contrasting Granite Types: 25 Years Later. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 48: 489–499 doi: 10.1046/j.1440-0952.2001.00882.x

Coward, M. P., Jan, M. Q., Rex, D., et al., 1982. Geo-Tectonic Framewok of the Himalaya of N Pakistan. Journal of Geological Society of London, 139: 299–308 doi: 10.1144/gsjgs.139.3.0299

Coward, M. P., Rex, D. C., Asif, K. M., et al., 1986. Collision Tectonics in the NW Himalaya. In: Coward, M. P., Ries, A., eds., Collision Tectonics. Geological Society of London Special Publication, 19: 203–219

Coward, M. P., Buffer, R. W. H., Chambers, A. F., et al., 1988. Folding and Imbrication of the Indian Crust during Himalayan Collision. Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society London, 326(A1): 89–116 http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/326/1589/89.abstract

Dahlquist, J. A., Galindo, C., Pankhurst, R. J., et al., 2007. Magmatic Evolution of the Peñón Rosado Granite: Petrogenesis of Garnet Bearing Granitoids. Lithos, 95(3–4): 177–207 http://www.onacademic.com/detail/journal_1000035063993710_6640.html

Deer, W. A., Howie, R. A., Zussman, J., 1992. An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals, 2nd ed., Longman Scientific and Technical, England

DiPietro, J. A., Pogue, K. R., Lawrence, R. D., et al., 1993. Stratigraphy South of the Main Mantle Thrust, Lower Swat, Pakistan. Himalayan Tectonics, Special Publication, 74: 207–220 doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1993.074.01.15

DiPietro, J. A., Pogue, K. A., Hussain, A., et al., 1998. Geologic Map of Indus Syntaxis and Surrounding Area, Northwest Himalaya, Pakistan. Geological Society of America, Special Paper, 328: Plate-1

du Bray, E. A., 1988. Garnet Composition and Their Use as Indicators of Peraluminous Granitoid Petrogenesis, Southeastern Arabian Shield. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 100: 204–212 doi: 10.1007/BF00373586

El Bouseily, A. M., El Sokkary, A. A., 1975. The Relation between Rb, Ba and Sr in Granitic Rocks. Chemical Geology, 16: 207–219 doi: 10.1016/0009-2541(75)90029-7

Harris, N., Inger, S., 1992. Trace Element Modeling of Pelite-Derived Granites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 110: 46–56 doi: 10.1007/BF00310881

Holtz, F., Johannes, W., 1991. Genesis of Peraluminous Granites. I. Experimental Investigation of Melt Compositions at 3 and 5 kb and Various H O Activities. Journal of Petrology, 32: 935–958 doi: 10.1093/petrology/32.5.935

Hussain, A., Dipietro, J. A., Pogue, K. A., et al., 2004. Geologic Map of 43-B Degree Sheet of NWFP Pakistan. Geologic Map Series, Geological Survey of Pakistan, Map No. 11

Jan, M. Q., Khan, M. A., Tahirkheli, T., et al., 1981. Tectonic Subdivision of Granitic Rocks of North Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, University of Peshawar, 14: 159–182 http://www.researchgate.net/profile/M_Jan/publication/299826081_Tectonic_subdivision_of_granitic_rocks_of_north_Pakistan/links/5706116f08ae44d70ee34cb0.pdf

Jan, M. Q., Karim, A., 1990. Continental Magmatism Related to Late Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic Rifting in North Pakistan and Kashmir. Geological Bulletin, University of Peshawar, 23: 1–25 http://www.researchgate.net/publication/287571716_Continental_magmatism_related_to_Late_Paleozoic-Early_Mesozoic_rifting_in_northern_Pakistan_and_Kashmir

Kazmi, A. H., Lawrence, R. D., Dawood, H., et al., 1984. Geology of Indus Suture in the Mingora-Shangla Area of Swat, North Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, University of Peshawar, 17: 127–144 http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10020147234

Kebede, T., Koeberl, C., Koller, F., 2001. Magmatic Evolution of the Siqii-Wagga Garnet Bearing Two Mica Granite, Wallagga Area, Western Ethopia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 32: 193–221 doi: 10.1016/S0899-5362(01)90004-1

Kempe, D. R. C., Jan, M. Q., 1970. An Alkaline Igneous Province in North West Frontier Province, West Pakistan. Geological Magazine, 107: 395–398 doi: 10.1017/S0016756800056260

Khan, M. I., Hammad, M., 1978. Petrology of Utla Granite, Gadoon Area: [Dissertation]. University of Peshawar, Pakistan

King, B. H., 1964. The Structure and Petrology of Part of Lower Swat, West Pakistan, with Special Reference to the Origin of Granitic Gneisses: [Dissertation]. University of London, London

Koh, J. S., Yun, S. H., 2003. The Geochemistry of Yuksipryeong Two-Mica Leuco-Granite, Yeongnam Massif, Korea. Journal of Petrological Society of Korea, 12(3): 119–134 http://ocean.kisti.re.kr/downfile/volume/pesk/HGOSBQ/2003/v12n3/HGOSBQ_2003_v12n3_119.pdf

Lawrence, R. D., Kazmi, A. H., Snee, L. W., 1989. Geological Settings of Emerald Deposits of Swat, North Pakistan. In: Kazmi, A. H., Snee, L. W., eds., Emeralds of Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan, Pakistan

Le Fort, P., Debon, F., Sonet, J., 1980. The "Lessor Himalayan" Cordierite Granite Belt, Typology and Age of the Pluton of Mansehra, Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, University of Peshawar, 13: 51–62 http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10023909997

Le Fort, P., Debon, F., Sonet, J., 1983. The Lower Paleozoic "Lesser Himalayan" Granite Belt: Emphasis on Simchar Pluton of Central Nepal. In: Shams, F. A., ed., Granite of Himalayas, Karakoram and Hindukush, Institute of Geology, Punjab University, Lahore. 235–256

Le Maitre, R. W., 2002. Igneous Rocks: A Classification and Glossary of Terms, 2nd ed. . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

London, D., 1992. Phosphorous in S-Type Magmas: The P₂O₅ Content of Feldspar from Peraluminous Granites, Pegmatites and Rhyolites. American Mineralogist, 77: 126–145 http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?res_dat=xri:pqm&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info:xri/sid:baidu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:article&genre=article&jtitle=American%20Mineralogist&atitle=Phosphorus%20in%20S-type%20magmas%20%3A%20The%20P_2O_5%20content%20of%20feldspars%20from%20peraluminous%20granites%2C%20pegmatites%2C%20and%20rhyolites

Martin, N. R., Siddique, S. F. A., King, B. H., 1962. A Geological Reconnaissance of the Region between Lower Swat and Indus River of Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, Punjab University, 2: 1–13 http://www.researchgate.net/publication/292799281_Geological_reconnaissances_of_the_region_between_lower_swat_and_Indus_river_of_Pakistan

Maniar, P. D., Piccoli, P. M., 1989. Tectonic Discrimination of Granitoids. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 101: 635–643 doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1989)101<0635:TDOG>2.3.CO;2

Miller, C. F., 1985. Are Strongly Peraluminous Magmas Derived from Pelitic Sedimentary Sources? Journal of Geology, 93: 673–689 doi: 10.1086/628995

Miyashiro, A., 1973. Metamorphism and Metamorphic Belts. George Allen and Unwin, London

Nagudi, B., Koeberl, C., Kurat, G., 2003. Petrography and Geochemistry of Singo Granite, Uganda, and Implications for Its Origin. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 36: 73–87 doi: 10.1016/S0899-5362(03)00014-9

Patino Douce, A. E., Johnston, A. D., 1991. Phase Equilibria and Melt Productivity in the Politic System: Implication for the Origin of Peraluminous Granitoids and Aluminous Granulites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 107: 202–218 doi: 10.1007/BF00310707

Patino Douce, A. E., Beard, J. S., 1995. Dehydration-Melting of Biotite Gneiss and Quartz Amphibolite from 3 to 15 kbar. Journal of Petrology, 36: 707–738 doi: 10.1093/petrology/36.3.707

Pearce, J. A., Gale, G. H., 1979. Identification of Ore Deposition Environment from Trace Element Geochemistry of Associated Igneous Host Rocks. In: Volcanic Processes in Ore Genesis. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 7: 14–24

Pearce, J. A., Harris, N. B. W., Tindle, A. G., 1984. Trace Element Discrimination Diagrams for the Tectonic Interpretation of Granitic Rocks. Journal of Petrology, 25: 956–983 doi: 10.1093/petrology/25.4.956

Pogue, K. R., Hussain, A., 1986. New Light on Stratigraphy of Nowshera Area and the Discovery of Early to Middle Ordovician Trace Fossils in NWFP Pakistan. Geological Survey of Pakistan Information Release, 135: 15

Pogue, K. R., Wardlaw, B. R., Harris, A. G., et al., 1992. Paleozoic and Mesozoic Stratigraphy of Peshawar Basin, Pakistan: Correlations and Implications. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104: 915–927 doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0915:PAMSOT>2.3.CO;2

Rafiq, M., Jan, M. Q., 1988. Petrography of Ambela Granitic Complex, NW Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, University of Peshawar, 21: 27–48

Rafiq, M., Jan, M. Q., 1989. Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Ambela Granitic Complex, NW Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, University of Peshawar, 22: 159–179 http://www.researchgate.net/profile/M_Jan/publication/303875814_Geochemistry_and_Petrogenesis_of_the_Ambela_Granitc_Complex_NW_Pakistan/links/5759c1ed08aed884620b285e/Geochemistry-and-Petrogenesis-of-the-Ambela-Granitc-Complex-NW-Pakistan.pdf

Sajid, M., Arif, M., 2010. Field Features and Petrography of Igneous Rocks from Utla (Gadoon), NW Pakistan: Preliminary Investigation. Journal of Himalayan Earth Sciences, 43: 75–76 http://nceg.upesh.edu.pk/GeologicalBulletin/Vol-43-2010/Vol-43-2010-Abstract63.pdf

Searle, M. P., Khan, M. A., Fraser, J. E., et al., 1999. The Tectonic Evolution of the Kohistan-Karakoram Collision Belt along Karakom Highway Transect, North Pakistan. Tectonics, 18(6): 929–949 doi: 10.1029/1999TC900042

Shaltegger, U., Zeilinger, G., Frank, M., et al., 2002. Multiple Mantle Sources during Island Arc Magmatism: U-Pb and Hf Isotopic Evidence from the Kohistan Arc Complex, Pakistan. Terra Nova, 14: 461–468 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3121.2002.00432.x

Shams, F. A., 1969. Geology of the Mansehra-Amb State Area, North-Western Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, Punjab University, Lahore, 1–32

Siddique, S. F. A., Chaudhry. M. N., Shakoor, A., 1968. Geology and Petrology of Feldspathoidal Syenites and the Associated Rocks of Koga Area, Chamla Valley, Swat, West Pakistan. Geological Bulletin, Punjab University, 7: 1–29 http://www.researchgate.net/publication/325871544_Geology_and_petrology_of_the_feldspathoidal_syenites_and_associated_rocks_of_Koga_area_Chamla_Valley_Swat_West_Pakistan

Skjerlie, K. P., Johnston, A. D., 1996. Vapour-Absent Melting from 10 to 20 kbar of Crustal Rocks that Contain Multiple Hydrous Phases: Implications for Anatexis in the Deep to very Deep Continental Crust and Active Continental Margins. Journal of Petrology, 37: 661–691 doi: 10.1093/petrology/37.3.661

Stauffer, K. W., 1968. Silurian-Devonian Reef Complex near Nowshera, West Pakistan. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 79: 1331–1350 doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1968)79[1331:SRCNNW]2.0.CO;2

Sylvester, P. J., 1998. Post-Collisional Strongly Peraluminous Granites. Lithos, 45: 29–44 doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00024-3

Taylor, S. R., McLennan, S. M., 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell, Oxford

Treloar, P. J., Rex, D. C., 1990. Cooling and Uplift History of the Crystalline Thrust Stack of the Indian Plate Internal Zones West of Nanga Parbat, Pakistan Himalaya. Tectonophysics, 180: 323–349 doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(90)90317-2

Treloar, P. J., Broughten, R. D., Williams, M. P., et al., 1989. Deformation, Metamorphism and Imbrication of the Indian Plate South of MMT, North Pakistan. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 7: 111–127 doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1314.1989.tb00578.x

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views