Cross-polarized GPR imaging of fracture flow channeling

Georgios P. Tsoflias; Christopher Perll; Matthew Baker; Matthew W. Becker

doi:10.1007/s12583-015-0612-1

Volume 26 Issue 6

Nov 2015

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Journal of Earth Science > 2015 > 26(6): 776-784.

Georgios P. Tsoflias, Christopher Perll, Matthew Baker, Matthew W. Becker. Cross-polarized GPR imaging of fracture flow channeling. Journal of Earth Science, 2015, 26(6): 776-784. doi: 10.1007/s12583-015-0612-1

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Georgios P. Tsoflias, Christopher Perll, Matthew Baker, Matthew W. Becker. Cross-polarized GPR imaging of fracture flow channeling. Journal of Earth Science, 2015, 26(6): 776-784. doi: 10.1007/s12583-015-0612-1

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Cross-polarized GPR imaging of fracture flow channeling

doi: 10.1007/s12583-015-0612-1

1.
Department of Geology, the University of Kansas, Lawrence 66044, USA
2.
Chesapeake Energy, Oklahoma 73101, USA
3.
Marathon Oil Corporation, Houston 77001, USA
4.
California State University Long Beach, Long Beach 90840, USA

More Information

Corresponding author: Georgios P. Tsoflias, tsoflias@ku.edu
Received Date: 13 Feb 2015
Accepted Date: 20 May 2015
Publish Date: 01 Dec 2015

Abstract

Abstract

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) can be used to image fractures and monitor fluid flow in the subsurface. Conventional GPR imaging uses single-polarization, co-polarized acquisition. We examine the use of cross-polarized GPR signals for imaging flow channeling in a discrete horizontal fracture. Numerical modeling (FDTD) demonstrates that when the fracture channel is oriented at an oblique angle to the survey line, depolarization of the GPR signal results in scattered energy along the cross-polarized components. When the channel is oriented parallel or orthogonal to the survey line, all scattered energy is captured by the co-polarized components and no signal is present in the cross-polarized orientation. Multipolarization, time-lapse 3D GPR field data were acquired at the Altona Flat Rock test site in New York State. The GPR surveys were conducted during background fresh fracture water conditions and during a natural gradient saline tracer test which was used to highlight flow channels along a sub-horizontal fracture. Amplitude analysis of the cross-polarized data reveals flow channeling that is in agreement with the co-polarized GPR images and with independent hydraulic tests. This investigation demonstrates that cross-polarized components of GPR signals can be used to enhance imaging of flow channels in fractured media.
- GPR,
- single-polarization,
- cross-polarized data,
- rapid flow,
- saline tracer,
- fractured rock

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References(41)

References

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Cross-polarized GPR imaging of fracture flow channeling

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