Mass Transfer during Hematitization and Implications for Uranium Mineralization in the Zoujiashan Deposit, Xiangshan Volcanic Basin

Teng Deng; Guoxiang Chi; Xiongjie Zhang; Zenghua Li; Deru Xu; Shengmiao Li; Pengfei Du; Pei Shang; Shaohao Zou; Wanpeng Zhou; Ke Xu; Hai Yan; Ma Wen; Zhengpeng Ding

doi:10.1007/s12583-021-1479-y

Volume 33 Issue 2

Apr 2022

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Journal of Earth Science > 2022 > 33(2): 422-434.

Teng Deng, Guoxiang Chi, Xiongjie Zhang, Zenghua Li, Deru Xu, Shengmiao Li, Pengfei Du, Pei Shang, Shaohao Zou, Wanpeng Zhou, Ke Xu, Hai Yan, Ma Wen, Zhengpeng Ding. Mass Transfer during Hematitization and Implications for Uranium Mineralization in the Zoujiashan Deposit, Xiangshan Volcanic Basin. Journal of Earth Science, 2022, 33(2): 422-434. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1479-y

Citation:

Teng Deng, Guoxiang Chi, Xiongjie Zhang, Zenghua Li, Deru Xu, Shengmiao Li, Pengfei Du, Pei Shang, Shaohao Zou, Wanpeng Zhou, Ke Xu, Hai Yan, Ma Wen, Zhengpeng Ding. Mass Transfer during Hematitization and Implications for Uranium Mineralization in the Zoujiashan Deposit, Xiangshan Volcanic Basin. Journal of Earth Science, 2022, 33(2): 422-434. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1479-y

Citation:

Teng Deng, Guoxiang Chi, Xiongjie Zhang, Zenghua Li, Deru Xu, Shengmiao Li, Pengfei Du, Pei Shang, Shaohao Zou, Wanpeng Zhou, Ke Xu, Hai Yan, Ma Wen, Zhengpeng Ding. Mass Transfer during Hematitization and Implications for Uranium Mineralization in the Zoujiashan Deposit, Xiangshan Volcanic Basin. Journal of Earth Science, 2022, 33(2): 422-434. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1479-y

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Mass Transfer during Hematitization and Implications for Uranium Mineralization in the Zoujiashan Deposit, Xiangshan Volcanic Basin

doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1479-y

Teng Deng^{1, 2, 3
,},
Guoxiang Chi⁴,
Xiongjie Zhang⁵,
Zenghua Li^{1, 2, 3, 6
,
,
,},
Deru Xu^{1, 3
,
,
,},
Shengmiao Li⁷,
Pengfei Du⁸,
Pei Shang^{1, 3},
Shaohao Zou¹,
Wanpeng Zhou^{1, 3},
Ke Xu³,
Hai Yan³,
Ma Wen³,
Zhengpeng Ding³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Uranium Geology, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China
3.
School of Earth Sciences, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
4.
Department of Geology, University of Regina, Regina S4S 0A2, Canada
5.
Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application, Ministry of Education, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
6.
Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory on Radioactive Geoscience and Big Data Technology, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
7.
Geological Bureau of Hunan Province, Changsha 410014, China
8.
Geologic Party No. 208, China National Nuclear Corporation, Baotou 410014, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Zenghua Li, lizenghua@ecut.edu.cn; Deru Xu, xuderu@gig.ac.cn
Received Date: 22 Aug 2020
Accepted Date: 09 May 2021
Publish Date: 30 Apr 2022

Abstract

Abstract

The Zoujiashan uranium deposit in the Xiangshan ore field is the largest volcanic-related uranium deposit in China. Hematite- and fluorite-type ores are the predominant mineralization styles. Hematitization in the Xiangshan ore field is closely associated with uranium mineralization, mainly occurring as hematitized rocks enclosing fluorite-type vein ores developed in pre-ore illitized porphyritic lava. Detailed petrographic and mass balance calculation studies were conducted to evaluate the mechanisms for uranium precipitation and mass transfer during hematitization. Petrographic observations suggest that in the hematitized rocks, orthoclase is more altered than plagioclase, and quartz dissolution is common, whereas in the illitized rocks, pyrite commonly occurs within the altered biotite grains, and chlorite grains are locally found. Mass balance calculations indicate that Na₂O and U were gained, K₂O, CaO and SiO₂ were lost, whereas Fe₂O₃-t remained more or less constant during hematitization. These observations suggest that the hydrothermal fluids were Na- and U-rich and Ca-K-poor, and the Fe²⁺ used for hematitization was locally derived, most likely from biotite, pyrite and chlorite in the host rocks. The Fe²⁺ is inferred to have played the role of reductant to precipitate uranium, and calculation indicates that oxidation of Fe²⁺ provided by host rocks is sufficient to form ores of economic significance. Consequently, the hematite-type ore is interpreted to be generated by the reaction between oxidized ore fluids and reduced components in host rocks. The development of calcite and pyrite in the fluorite ores suggests that perhaps mixing between the U-rich fluid and another fluid carrying reduced sulfur and carbon may have also contributed to uranium mineralization, in addition to temperature and pressure drop associated with the veining.
- Xiangshan uranium ore field,
- mass transfer,
- uranium precipitation,
- hematitization,
- redox reaction,
- ore deposit geology

Electronic Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials (Tables S1, S2) are available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-021-1479-y.

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