stochastic modeling of folded structures in scarce data scenarios using transiogram with locally varying anisotropy

sampling is usually scarce in geological modeling, and hence, complex and continuous geological phenomena are difficult to simulate when anisotropy changes locally. the current study aimed to present a method for modeling folded structures using transiogram with locally varying anisotropy in scarce data scenarios. based on the direction fields of locally varying anisotropy, a pathline-based algorithm was proposed to simulate the folds that are flattened and calculate the relative position of any two random points thereafter. compared to the traditional two-point spatial continuity measures (such as the variogram), the locally varying anisotropy transiogram could not only describe the high order markovian of the spatial distribution of geological bodies, but also do so with explicable physical implication. the report revealed that the locally varying anisotropy transiogram of horizontal strata can be directly obtained if the stratigraphic sequence and stratum thickness are known. in the case study, only one geological map was used in a real complex-fold area to successfully simulate the 3-d stratigraphic model.