Depositional and Bio-Sequence Stratigraphic Framework of Late Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation, Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan: Equivalent of Gurpi Formation (Iran)

Muhammad Awais; Bilal Wadood; Muhammad Ishaq; Muhammad Bilal; Zeeshan Zafar; Nasar Khan; Aminullah Khan

doi:10.1007/s12583-022-1703-4

Volume 35 Issue 2

Apr 2024

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Journal of Earth Science > 2024 > 35(2): 332-348.

Muhammad Awais, Bilal Wadood, Muhammad Ishaq, Muhammad Bilal, Zeeshan Zafar, Nasar Khan, Aminullah Khan. Depositional and Bio-Sequence Stratigraphic Framework of Late Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation, Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan: Equivalent of Gurpi Formation (Iran). Journal of Earth Science, 2024, 35(2): 332-348. doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1703-4

Citation:

Muhammad Awais, Bilal Wadood, Muhammad Ishaq, Muhammad Bilal, Zeeshan Zafar, Nasar Khan, Aminullah Khan. Depositional and Bio-Sequence Stratigraphic Framework of Late Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation, Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan: Equivalent of Gurpi Formation (Iran). Journal of Earth Science, 2024, 35(2): 332-348. doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1703-4

Citation:

Muhammad Awais, Bilal Wadood, Muhammad Ishaq, Muhammad Bilal, Zeeshan Zafar, Nasar Khan, Aminullah Khan. Depositional and Bio-Sequence Stratigraphic Framework of Late Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation, Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan: Equivalent of Gurpi Formation (Iran). Journal of Earth Science, 2024, 35(2): 332-348. doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1703-4

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Depositional and Bio-Sequence Stratigraphic Framework of Late Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation, Kala-Chitta Range, Pakistan: Equivalent of Gurpi Formation (Iran)

doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1703-4

Muhammad Awais^{1, 2
,
,
,},
Bilal Wadood^{1, 3},
Muhammad Ishaq^{1, 4},
Muhammad Bilal^{1, 5},
Zeeshan Zafar^{1, 6},
Nasar Khan^{7, 8},
Aminullah Khan¹

1.
Department of Geology, University of Swabi, Anbar-Swabi 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
2.
Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples Federico Ⅱ, Naples 80126, Italy
3.
State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
4.
National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
5.
Department of Geological Engineering, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 610500, China
6.
Department of Petroleum Geology and Engineering, School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
7.
Department of Geology, University of Malakand, Dir Lower-18800, Pakistan
8.
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium

More Information

Corresponding author: Muhammad Awais, awais.geo89@gmail.com
Received Date: 12 Sep 2021
Accepted Date: 19 Jun 2022

Available Online: 11 Apr 2024

Issue Publish Date: 30 Apr 2024

Abstract

Abstract

The present study is focused on evaluation of deep marine pelagic sediments of Late Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation of Kala-Chitta Range in the context of microfacies analysis, paleoenvironmental interpretation, planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and diversification of species. A total of thirty three rock samples were collected from the measured section. Three microfacies are interpreted, namely planktonic foraminifera wackestone, planktonic foraminifera mudstone and sandy mudstone indicating low energy depositional environment i.e., outer ramp. The biostratigraphic studies show plentiful planktonic foraminifera species of Globotruncana, Heterohelix and Globotruncanita. However, no association of benthic or siliceous organisms was observed. On the basis of available species assemblage, a single local planktonic foraminifera biozone i.e., Globotruncana-Heterohelix-Globotruncanita Assemblage Biozone is established. The biozone information is combined with published literature and Lower Santonian to Middle Maastrichtian age has been assigned to the Kawagarh Formation. The trend of species occurrences evinces that species number decreases over time with pulsated rise in the Kawagarh Formation. The Kawagarh Formation carbonates show an overall Transgressive Systems Tract (TST). The Kawagarh Formation of Pakistan evinces analogous characteristics to that of the Late Cretaceous Gurpi Formation of Iran based on the geologic age, outcrop lithology, microfacies, planktonic foraminiferal assemblages, depositional setting and sequence stratigraphy.
- depositional fabric,
- biostratigraphy,
- sequence stratigraphy,
- Late Cretaceous,
- Kawagarh Formation,
- Pakistan,
- Gurpi Formation,
- Iran

Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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References(88)

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