Development Conditions and Factors Controlling the Formation of the Permian Pingdiquan Source Rocks in the Wucaiwan Sag, Junggar Basin, China: A Comprehensively Elemental, Biomarker and Isotopic Perspective

Jinqi Qiao; Hao Li; Qingyong Luo; Luofu Liu; Dandan Wang; Xiaoqing Shang; Fei Xiao; Tong Zhang

doi:10.1007/s12583-022-1804-0

Volume 36 Issue 2

Apr 2025

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Journal of Earth Science > 2025 > 36(2): 627-643.

Jinqi Qiao, Hao Li, Qingyong Luo, Luofu Liu, Dandan Wang, Xiaoqing Shang, Fei Xiao, Tong Zhang. Development Conditions and Factors Controlling the Formation of the Permian Pingdiquan Source Rocks in the Wucaiwan Sag, Junggar Basin, China: A Comprehensively Elemental, Biomarker and Isotopic Perspective. Journal of Earth Science, 2025, 36(2): 627-643. doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1804-0

Citation:

Jinqi Qiao, Hao Li, Qingyong Luo, Luofu Liu, Dandan Wang, Xiaoqing Shang, Fei Xiao, Tong Zhang. Development Conditions and Factors Controlling the Formation of the Permian Pingdiquan Source Rocks in the Wucaiwan Sag, Junggar Basin, China: A Comprehensively Elemental, Biomarker and Isotopic Perspective. Journal of Earth Science, 2025, 36(2): 627-643. doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1804-0

Citation:

Jinqi Qiao, Hao Li, Qingyong Luo, Luofu Liu, Dandan Wang, Xiaoqing Shang, Fei Xiao, Tong Zhang. Development Conditions and Factors Controlling the Formation of the Permian Pingdiquan Source Rocks in the Wucaiwan Sag, Junggar Basin, China: A Comprehensively Elemental, Biomarker and Isotopic Perspective. Journal of Earth Science, 2025, 36(2): 627-643. doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1804-0

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Development Conditions and Factors Controlling the Formation of the Permian Pingdiquan Source Rocks in the Wucaiwan Sag, Junggar Basin, China: A Comprehensively Elemental, Biomarker and Isotopic Perspective

doi: 10.1007/s12583-022-1804-0

Jinqi Qiao^{1, 2
,},
Hao Li³,
Qingyong Luo^{1, 2
,
,
,},
Luofu Liu^{1, 2},
Dandan Wang^{1, 2},
Xiaoqing Shang⁴,
Fei Xiao⁵,
Tong Zhang⁶

1.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
3.
Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology of SINOPEC, Wuxi 214126, China
4.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China
5.
Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey/Northeast Geological S & T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, China
6.
Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Petrochina, Karamay 834000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Qingyong Luo, qingyong.luo@cup.edu.cn
Received Date: 07 Apr 2022
Accepted Date: 15 Dec 2022
Issue Publish Date: 30 Apr 2025

Abstract

Abstract

This paper is a synthetic use of carbon isotope composition, Rock-Eval data, organic petrology, element composition of kerogen, major and trace elements, and biomarker characteristic of the Permian Pingdiquan (P₂p) source rocks in the Wucaiwan sag, Junggar Basin, China as proxies (1) for evaluations of hydrocarbon potential, organic matter (OM) composition and thermal maturity of the OM in the source rocks, (2) for reconstruction of paleodepositional environment, and (3) for analysis of controlling factor of organic carbon accumulation. The P₂p Formation developed good-excellent source rocks with thermal maturity of OM ranging from low-mature to mature stages. The OM was mainly composed of C₃ terrestrial higher plants and aquatic organisms including aerobic bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, saltwater and fresh algae, Sphagnum moss species, submerged macrophytes, Nymphaea, and aquatic pollen taxa. The proportion of terrestrial higher plants decreased and that of aquatic organisms increased from margin to center of the sag. The benthic water within reducing environment and brackish-water column were superposed by periodic/occasional fresh-water influx (e.g., rainfall and river drain), which led to fresh-water conditions and well oxygenating in the water column during overturn process. The whole study area developed lacustrine source rocks without seawater intrusion. During periodic/occasional fresh-water influx periods with plenty of terrestrial plant inputs, the paleoredox conditions of the sag were relatively oxic in the shallow fresh-water which experienced strong oxidation and decomposition of OM, therefore were not conducive for the OM preservation. However, the overall middle primary productivity made up for this deficiency, and was the main controlling factor on the organic carbon accumulation. A suitable supply from terrestrial inputs can promote biotic paleoproductivity, and a relatively high sedimentation rate can reduce oxidation and decomposition times of OM. On the contrary, during the intervals of the fresh-water influxes, relatively reducing conditions are a more important controlling factor on the OM accumulation in the case that the decrease of the terrestrial biotic source.
- geochemistry,
- source rocks,
- paleodepositional environment,
- Pingdiquan Formation,
- Junggar Basin

Electronic Supplementary Materials
Supplementary materials (Tables S1–S5) are available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-022-1804-0.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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References(98)

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