| Citation: | Hao Lu, Qing Li, Dali Yue, Dongdong Xia, Shenghe Wu, Lang Wen, Yu He. Multi-Scale Pore Structure Heterogeneity in Tuff Reservoirs Investigated with Multi-Experimental Method and Fractal Dimensions in Chang 7 Formation, Southern Ordos Basin. Journal of Earth Science, 2024, 35(2): 666-686. doi: 10.1007/s12583-023-1857-8
|
The tight tuff reservoir is an unusual type of unconventional reservoir with strong heterogeneity. However, there is a lack of research on the microscopic pore structure that causes the heterogeneity of tuff reservoirs. Using the Chang 7 Formation in Ordos Basin, China as a case study, carbon-dioxide gas adsorption, nitrogen gas adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection are integrated to investigate the multi-scale pore structure characteristics of tuff reservoirs. Meanwhile, the fractal dimension is introduced to characterize the complexity of pore structure in tuff reservoirs. By this multi-experimental method, the quantitative characterizations of the full-range pore size distribution of four tuff types were obtained and compared in the size ranges of micropores, mesopores and macropores. Fractal dimension curves derived from full-range pores are divided into six segments as
| Brunauer, S., Deming, L. S., Deming, W. E., et al., 1940. On a Theory of the van Der Waals Adsorption of Gases. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 62(7): 1723–1732. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01864a025 |
| Chen, C. C., Huang, Z. L., Chen, X, et al., 2018. The Formation Conditions of the Upper Carboniferous Near-Source Tuff Tight Oil Reservoir in Santanghu Basin, Xinjiang Province. Geol. Bull. China, 37(1): 83–92 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Chen, X., Liu, J. T., Long, F., et al., 2019. Practical Experience and Understanding of Exploration and Development of Permian Tight Tuff Reservoir in the Santanghu Basin. China Pet. Explor. , 24(6): 771–780 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Clarkson, C. R., Solano, N., Bustin, R. M., et al., 2013. Pore Structure Characterization of North American Shale Gas Reservoirs Using USANS/SANS, Gas Adsorption, and Mercury Intrusion. Fuel, 103: 606–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.06.119 |
| Donaldson, E. C., Kendall, R. F., Baker, B. A., et al., 1975. Surface-Area Measurement of Geologic Materials. Soc. Pet. Eng. AIME J. , 15(2): 111–116 doi: 10.2118/4987-PA |
| Dong, S. Q., Zeng, L. B., Che, X. H., et al., 2023. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Fracture Identification Using Well Logs in Tight Reservoirs. Earth Science, 48(7): 2443–2461 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Dou, W. C., Liu, L. F., Wu, K. J., et al., 2018. Diagenetic Heterogeneity, Pore Throats Characteristic and Their Effects on Reservoir Quality of the Upper Triassic Tight Sandstones of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 98: 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.08.019 |
| Gong, L., Cheng, Y. Q., Gao, S., et al., 2023. Fracture Connectivity Characterization and Its Controlling Factors in Lower Jurassic Tight Sandstone Reservoirs of Eastern Kuqa Foreland Basin. Earth Science, 48(7): 2475–2488 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Guo, X. B., Huang, Z. L., Zhao, L. B., et al., 2019. Pore Structure and Multi-Fractal Analysis of Tight Sandstone Using MIP, NMR and NMRC Methods: A Case Study from the Kuqa Depression, China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 178: 544–558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.03.069 |
| Hay, R. L., Sheppard, R. A., 2001.6. Occurrence of Zeolites in Sedimentary Rocks: An Overview. Natural Zeolites Occurrence Properties & Applications, 45(1): 217–234. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501509117-008 |
| He, C., Ji, L. M., Wu, Y. D., et al., 2016. Characteristics of Hydrothermal Sedimentation Process in the Yanchang Formation, South Ordos Basin, China: Evidence from Element Geochemistry. Sedimentary Geology, 345: 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2016.09.001 |
| Huang, W. B., Lu, S. F., Hersi, O. S., et al., 2017. Reservoir Spaces in Tight Sandstones: Classification, Fractal Characters, and Heterogeneity. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 46: 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.07.006 |
| Jaroniec, M., 1995. Evaluation of the Fractal Dimension from a Single Adsorption Isotherm. Langmuir, 11(6): 2316–2317. https://doi.org/10.1021/la00006a076 |
| Jiang, Y. Q., Liu, Y. Q., Yang, Z., et al., 2015. Characteristics and Origin of Tuff-Type Tight Oil in Jimusaer Sag, Junggar Basin, NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 42(6): 810–818. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1876-3804(15)30077-x |
| Kolata, D. R., Frost, J. K., Huff, W. D., 1987. Chemical Correlation of K-Bentonite Beds in the Middle Ordovician Decorah Subgroup, Upper Mississippi Valley. Geology, 15(3): 208–211. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15208:ccokbi>2.0.co;2 doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15208:ccokbi>2.0.co;2 |
| Lai, J., Wang, G. W., Wang, Z. Y., et al., 2018. A Review on Pore Structure Characterization in Tight Sandstones. Earth-Science Reviews, 177: 436–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.12.003 |
| Law, B. E., Curtis, J. B., 2002. Introduction to Unconventional Petroleum Systems. AAPG Bulletin, 86: 1851–1852. https://doi.org/10.1306/61ee dda0-173e-11d7-8645000102c1865d doi: 10.1306/61eedda0-173e-11d7-8645000102c1865d |
| Li, A., Ding, W. L., Jiu, K., et al., 2018. Investigation of the Pore Structures and Fractal Characteristics of Marine Shale Reservoirs Using NMR Experiments and Image Analyses: A Case Study of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Northern Guizhou Province, South China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 89: 530–540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.10.019 |
| Li, B., Guo, Y. J., Wu, J. P., et al., 2015. Study on Main Controlling Factors of Tuff Tight Reservoir Development in Tengyi Submember of Anan Sag, Erlian Basin. Abstract Book of Sedimentology and Unconventional Resources, National Sedimentology Congress, China. 298–299 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Li, K. W., 2010. Analytical Derivation of Brooks-Corey Type Capillary Pressure Models Using Fractal Geometry and Evaluation of Rock Heterogeneity. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 73(1/2): 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2010.05.002 |
| Li, P., Zheng, M., Bi, H., et al., 2017. Pore Throat Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Tight Oil Sandstone: A Case Study in the Ordos Basin, China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 149: 665–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2016.11.015 |
| Li, Q., Lu, H., Li, J. S., et al., 2022. Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of the Tight Tuff Reservoirs of the Upper Triassic Chang 7 Member in the Southern Ordos Basin, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 139: 105625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105625 |
| Li, Q., Wu, S. H., Xia, D. L., et al., 2020. Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of the Lacustrine Organic-Rich Shales from the Upper Triassic Chang 7 Member in the Southwestern Ordos Basin, China: Implications for Paleoenvironment and Organic Matter Accumulation. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 111: 852–867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.09.003 |
| Li, T. J., Huang, Z. L., Zhao, J., et al., 2021. Pore Structure Characteristics and Their Influencing Factors: A Case Study from the Middle Jurassic Mixed Siliciclastic Carbonate Rocks, Turpan-Hami Basin, Northwest China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 203: 108611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108611 |
| Li, X. B., Liu, H. Q., Pan, S. X., et al., 2018. Subaqueous Sandy Mass-Transport Deposits in Lacustrine Facies of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, Central China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 97: 66–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.06.019 |
| Liu, F., Zhu, X., Li, Y., et al., 2016. Sedimentary Facies Analysis and Depositional Model of Gravity-Flow Deposits of the Yanchang Formation, Southwestern Ordos Basin, NW China. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 63(7): 885–902. https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2016.1252796 |
| Liu, M., Xie, R. H., Guo, J. F., et al., 2018. Characterization of Pore Structures of Tight Sandstone Reservoirs by Multifractal Analysis of the NMR T2 Distribution. Energy & Fuels, 32(12): 12218–12230. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b02869 |
| Liu, X. H., Wang, W. W., Feng, M. Y., et al., 2022. Hydrothermal Process and Duration of Carboniferous Altered Tuff Reservoir in Well Dixi 14 Area of Kelameili Gas Field (Junggar Basin), NW China. Earth Science, 47(5): 1694–1710 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Loucks, R. G., Reed, R. M., Ruppel, S. C., et al., 2012. Spectrum of Pore Types and Networks in Mudrocks and a Descriptive Classification for Matrix-Related Mudrock Pores. AAPG Bulletin, 96(6): 1071–1098. https://doi.org/10.1306/08171111061 |
| Lu, H., Li, Q., Yue, D. L., et al., 2021. Study on Optimal Selection of Porosity Logging Interpretation Methods for Chang 73 Segment of the Yanchang Formation in the Southwestern Ordos Basin, China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 198: 108153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108153 |
| Lu, H., Xia, D. D., Li, Q., et al., 2021. Quantitative Characterization and Differences of the Pore Structure in Lacustrine Siliceous Shale and Argillaceous Shale: A Case Study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation Shales in the Southern Ordos Basin, China. Energy & Fuels, 35(19): 15525–15544. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01823 |
| Lyu, W. Y., Zeng, L. B., Zhang, B. J., et al., 2017. Influence of Natural Fractures on Gas Accumulation in the Upper Triassic Tight Gas Sandstones in the Northwestern Sichuan Basin, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 83: 60–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.03.004 |
| Ma, J., Huang, Z. L., Liang, S. J., et al., 2016. Geochemical and Tight Reservoir Characteristics of Sedimentary Organic-Matter-Bearing Tuff from the Permian Tiaohu Formation in the Santanghu Basin, Northwest China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 73: 405–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.03.017 |
| Ma, J., Liu, G. H., Huang, Z. L., et al., 2020. Tight Tuff Reservoir Characteristics and Its Controlling Factors: A Comparative Study of the Permian Tiaohu Formation and Carboniferous Haerjiawu Formation in the Santanghu Basin, NW China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 187: 106808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106808 |
| Mandelbrot, B. B., Wheeler, J. A., 1983. The Fractal Geometry of Nature. American Journal of Physics, 51(3): 286–287. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.13295 |
| Pan, Y. S., Huang, Z. L., Li, T. J., et al., 2021. Pore Structure Characteristics and Evaluation of Lacustrine Mixed Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks: A Case Study of the Lucaogou Formation in the Malang Sag, Santanghu Basin, Western China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 201: 108545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108545 |
| Pfeifer, P., Wu, Y., Cole, M., et al., 1989. Multilayer Adsorption on a Fractally Rough Surface. Physical Review Letters, 62(17): 1997–2000. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.1997 |
| Qin, S., Wang, R., Shi, W. Z., et al., 2022. Diverse Effects of Intragranular Fractures on Reservoir Properties, Diagenesis, and Gas Migration: Insight from Permian Tight Sandstone in the Hangjinqi Area, North Ordos Basin. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 137: 105526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105526 |
| Qiu, X. W., Liu, C. Y., Mao, G. Z., et al., 2014. Late Triassic Tuff Intervals in the Ordos Basin, Central China: Their Depositional, Petrographic, Geochemical Characteristics and Regional Implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 80: 148–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.11.004 |
| Rouquerol, J., Avnir, D., Fairbridge, C. W., et al., 1994. Recommendations for the Characterization of Porous Solids (Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 66(8): 1739–1758. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466081739 |
| Shamim, A., Nosheen, S., Yang, X. Y., 2018. Genesis of Tuff Interval and Its Uranium Enrichment in Upper Triassic of Ordos Basin, NW China. Acta Geochimica, 37(1): 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-017-0192-0 |
| Shao, X. H., Pang, X. Q., Li, Q. W., et al., 2017. Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Organic-Rich Shales: A Case Study of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Shales in the Sichuan Basin, SW China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 80: 192–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.11.025 |
| Sing, K. S. W., 1985. Reporting Physisorption Data for Gas/Solid Systems with Special Reference to the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity (Recommendations 1984). Pure and Applied Chemistry, 57(4): 603–619. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198557040603 |
| Smith, R. K., Tremallo, R. L., Lofgren, G. E., 2001. Growth of Megaspherulites in a Rhyolitic Vitrophyre. American Mineralogist, 86(5/6): 589–600. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2001-5-601 |
| Song, Z. Z., Liu, G. D., Yang, W. W., et al., 2018. Multi-Fractal Distribution Analysis for Pore Structure Characterization of Tight Sandstone—A Case Study of the Upper Paleozoic Tight Formations in the Longdong District, Ordos Basin. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 92: 842–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.12.018 |
| Su, X. C., Gong, L., Fu, X. F., et al., 2023. Fracture Distribution Characteristics and Effectiveness Evaluation of Tight Sandstone Reservoir of Chang 7 Member in Sanbian Area, Ordos Basin. Earth Science, 48(7): 2601–2613. (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Thomas Kalan, H. P., Sitorus, M. E., 1994. Jatibarang Field, Geologic Study of Volcanic Reservoir for Horizontal Well Proposal. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 23rd Annual Convention Proceedings, 1: 229–244 |
| Tomaru, H., Lu, Z. L., Fehn, U., et al., 2009. Origin of Hydrocarbons in the Green Tuff Region of Japan: 129I Results from Oil Field Brines and Hot Springs in the Akita and Niigata Basins. Chemical Geology, 264(1/2/3/4): 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.008 |
| Torabi, A., Fossen, H., Braathen, A., 2013. Insight into Petrophysical Properties of Deformed Sandstone Reservoirs. AAPG Bulletin, 97(4): 619–637. https://doi.org/10.1306/10031212040 |
| Wan, X. F., Liu, C. C., Zhao, D. F., et al., 2023. Hotspot and Development Trend of Shale Oil Research. Earth Science, 48(2): 793–813 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Wang, C., Wang, Q. X., Chen, G. J., et al., 2017. Petrographic and Geochemical Characteristics of the Lacustrine Black Shales from the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin, China: Implications for the Organic Matter Accumulation. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86: 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.05.016 |
| Wang, F. Y., Yang, K., You, J. X., et al., 2019. Analysis of Pore Size Distribution and Fractal Dimension in Tight Sandstone with Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry. Results in Physics, 13: 102283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102283 |
| Wang, J., Cao, Y. C., Liu, K. Y., et al., 2019. Fractal Characteristics of the Pore Structures of Fine-Grained, Mixed Sedimentary Rocks from the Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin: Implications for Lacustrine Tight Oil Accumulations. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 182: 106363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106363 |
| Wang, L., Yin, R., Sima, L. Q., et al., 2018. Insights into Pore Types and Wettability of a Shale Gas Reservoir by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin, China. Energy & Fuels, 32(9): 9289–9303. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b02107 |
| Wang, N. J., 2012. Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Volcanic Reservoirs in Cenozoic Group Qikou Depression: [Dissertation]. Northwest University, Xi'an (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Wang, R., Shi, W. Z., Xie, X. Y., et al., 2020. Clay Mineral Content, Type, and Their Effects on Pore Throat Structure and Reservoir Properties: Insight from the Permian Tight Sandstones in the Hangjinqi Area, North Ordos Basin, China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 115: 104281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104281 |
| Wang, W. R., Yue, D. L., Eriksson, K. A., et al., 2020. Quantification and Prediction of Pore Structures in Tight Oil Reservoirs Based on Multifractal Dimensions from Integrated Pressure- and Rate-Controlled Porosimetry for the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China. Energy & Fuels, 34(4): 4366–4383. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c00178 |
| Wang, X. X., Hou, J. G., Song, S. H., et al., 2018. Combining Pressure-Controlled Porosimetry and Rate-Controlled Porosimetry to Investigate the Fractal Characteristics of Full-Range Pores in Tight Oil Reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 171: 353–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.07.050 |
| Wei, W., Zhu, X. M., He, M. W., et al., 2018. Original Sediment Composition of the Lower Cretaceous Lacustrine Tight-Oil Mudstone and Influences on Diagenesis and Organic Matter Content, the Erennaoer Sag in Erlian Basin, NE China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 94: 131–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.03.019 |
| Wen, J., 2019. Reservoir Characteristics of Tuff Tight Oil Reservoirs in ma 56 Block of Santanghu Basin and Research on the Geological Mechanism of Enhanced Oil Recovery: [Dissertation]. Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Wu, H., Zhang, C. L., Ji, Y. L., et al., 2018. An Improved Method of Characterizing the Pore Structure in Tight Oil Reservoirs: Integrated NMR and Constant-Rate-Controlled Porosimetry Data. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 166: 778–796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.03.065 |
| Xi, Z. D., Tang, S. H., Wang, J., et al., 2018. Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Niutitang Shale from China. Minerals, 8(4): 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8040163 |
| Xian, B. Z., Wang, J. H., Gong, C. L., et al., 2018. Classification and Sedimentary Characteristics of Lacustrine Hyperpycnal Channels: Triassic Outcrops in the South Ordos Basin, Central China. Sedimentary Geology, 368: 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2018.03.006 |
| Xie, W. D., Wang, M., Wang, X. Q., et al., 2021. Nano-Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Shale Gas Reservoirs: A Case Study of Longmaxi Formation in Southeastern Chongqing, China. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 21(1): 343–353. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18721 |
| Yang, R., He, S., Yi, J. Z., et al., 2016. Nano-Scale Pore Structure and Fractal Dimension of Organic-Rich Wufeng-Longmaxi Shale from Jiaoshiba Area, Sichuan Basin: Investigations Using FE-SEM, Gas Adsorption and Helium Pycnometry. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 70: 27–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.11.019 |
| Yang, Y. T., Li, W., Ma, L., 2005. Tectonic and Stratigraphic Controls of Hydrocarbon Systems in the Ordos Basin: A Multicycle Cratonic Basin in Central China. AAPG Bulletin, 89(2): 255–269. https://doi.org/10.1306/10070404027 |
| Zeng, L. B., Ma, S. J., Tian, H., et al., 2023. Research Progress of Natural Fractures in Organic Rich Shale. Earth Science, 48(7): 2427–2442 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zhang, K., Liu, R., Liu, Z. J., et al., 2020. Influence of Volcanic and Hydrothermal Activity on Organic Matter Enrichment in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Southern Ordos Basin, Central China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 112: 104059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104059 |
| Zhang, Z., Xu, G. S., Yuan, H. F., et al., 2013. Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Carboniferous Volcanic Reservoir in Hashan Area of Junggar Basin. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 37(4): 39–46, 120 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zheng, H., Sun, X. M., Wang, J. P., et al., 2018. Devitrification Pores and Their Contribution to Volcanic Reservoirs: A Case Study in the Hailar Basin, NE China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 98: 718–732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.09.016 |
| Zheng, H., Sun, X. M., Zhu, D. F., et al., 2018. Characteristics and Factors Controlling Reservoir Space in the Cretaceous Volcanic Rocks of the Hailar Basin, NE China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 91: 749–763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.01.038 |
Figures(11) / Tables(5)
Copyright © 2013-2020 Journal of Earth Science 鄂ICP备15021562号-2
Tel: +86-27-67885075 Fax: +86-27-67885075 E-mail: xbb@cug.edu.cn
Address: Editorial Office of Journal, China University of Geosciences, Yujiashan, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
Supported by:
Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd
E-mail:
info@rhhz.net
DownLoad:
