| Citation: | Ahmet Sasmaz, Vitaliy Sukach, Serhiy Bondarenko, Hryhorii Aleksiienko, Hengameh Erfanian Kaseb, Bilge Sasmaz, Sergiy Kurylo, Oleksandr Hrinchenko, Volodymyr Somka, Panagiotis Voudouris. Newly Identified Au-Ag-Bi-Te Mineralization in the Aydindere Skarn Fe and Cu Deposit, Giresun, NE Turkey: Implications of Gold Mineralization during Retrograde Skarn Evolution. Journal of Earth Science, 2025, 36(2): 543-561. doi: 10.1007/s12583-023-1976-x
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This study investigates the mineralogy and mineral-chemistry of a newly discovered Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineralization at the Aydindere Fe-Cu skarn deposit, within the Pontides Tectonic Unit, northeastern Turkey. The mineralization is developed in the skarn zone at the contact between Upper Cretaceous andesite-pyroclastic rocks and a Paleocene–Eocene Ⅰ-type granitoid. The principal ore minerals of the Aydindere Fe-Cu deposit are oxides (magnetite), sulfides (pyrite-chalcopyrite-galena-sphalerite), tellurides/sulfotellurides (tetradymite, hessite), sulfosalts (wittichenite, emplectite, aikinite) and native gold-electrum. Skarn minerals include anhydrous phases (garnet) formed in a prograde stage and hydrous phases (amphibole, epidote, chlorite), which were formed in a retrograde stage in association with quartz, adularia, apatite and late calcite. Sulfides, tellurides and sulfosalts are introduced during the retrograde stage. The Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineralization was detected for the first time within the western ore body of the Aydindere deposit, and occurs in calcite-bearing sulfide bodies that cut magnetite-garnet-amphibole-epidote skarns with magnetite ores of different grade, including massive magnetite. Chlorite geothermometry indicates formation of the Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineralization at temperatures between 300 and 250 ℃, during the retrograde skarn evolution. Assuming the temperature is ~275 ℃, log
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