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Volume 22 Issue 4
Aug 2011
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Journal of Earth Science  > 2011  >  22(4): 490-502.
Xiaoyu Zhang, Ross Edwards. Anthropogenic Sulfate and Nitrate Signals in Snow from Bogda Glacier, Eastern Tianshan. Journal of Earth Science, 2011, 22(4): 490-502. doi: 10.1007/s12583-011-0196-3
Citation: Xiaoyu Zhang, Ross Edwards. Anthropogenic Sulfate and Nitrate Signals in Snow from Bogda Glacier, Eastern Tianshan. Journal of Earth Science, 2011, 22(4): 490-502. doi: 10.1007/s12583-011-0196-3
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Anthropogenic Sulfate and Nitrate Signals in Snow from Bogda Glacier, Eastern Tianshan

doi: 10.1007/s12583-011-0196-3
  • 1.

    State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/Tianshan Glaciological Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

  • 2.

    Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • 3.

    Desert Research Institute, Reno NV 89512-1095, USA

  • 4.

    Curtin University of Technology, Bentley WA 6102, Australia

Funds:

the National Basic Research Program of China 2010CB951003

the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences KZCX2-EW-311

the program for New Century Excellent Talents in University NCET-10-0019

the Fund of SKLCS SKLCS-ZZ-2010-04

More Information
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyu Zhang, zhangxiaoyu800820@163.com
  • Received Date: 15 Nov 2010
  • Accepted Date: 08 Apr 2011
  • Publish Date: 01 Aug 2011
    Abstract
  • A 1.2 m snow pit was recovered on July 29th, 2009 from the Bogda Glacier, eastern Tianshan (天山). The sample site temperature of −9.6 ℃ indicates that the unique glaciochemical record was well preserved and suitable for the reconstruction of air pollution levels in this previously unexplored region. Samples were analyzed for major ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+, Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, HCOO−, and CH3COO−). NO3− and SO42− were characterized by significant high levels of pollution concentration. Most air masses backward trajectories ending in December 2008 have passed the Urumqi City center, while some even traveled across the primary nuclear weapons testing venue of the former Soviet Union (STS). The mean pH value of snow samples is coincident with the average value of Urumqi's aerosol, and the ratio of [NO3−]/[SO42−] in the snow pit generally agrees with the value of the Urumqi winter aerosols. In addition, the [HCOO−]/[CH3COO−] ratio of snow samples is only 0.7, lower than unity. These analyses indicate that SO42− and NO3− in the Bogda Glacier are the result of anthropogenic pollutions.

     

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