Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of Tungsten Mineralization in the Agargaon Area of Sakoli Fold Belt, Central India

Girish Kumar Mayachar; Subhasish Ghosh

doi:10.1007/s12583-019-1271-4

Volume 31 Issue 3

Jul 2020

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Journal of Earth Science > 2020 > 31(3): 559-570.

Girish Kumar Mayachar, Subhasish Ghosh. Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of Tungsten Mineralization in the Agargaon Area of Sakoli Fold Belt, Central India. Journal of Earth Science, 2020, 31(3): 559-570. doi: 10.1007/s12583-019-1271-4

Citation:

Girish Kumar Mayachar, Subhasish Ghosh. Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of Tungsten Mineralization in the Agargaon Area of Sakoli Fold Belt, Central India. Journal of Earth Science, 2020, 31(3): 559-570. doi: 10.1007/s12583-019-1271-4

Citation:

PDF( 20592 KB)

Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of Tungsten Mineralization in the Agargaon Area of Sakoli Fold Belt, Central India

doi: 10.1007/s12583-019-1271-4

Girish Kumar Mayachar^{,
,},
Subhasish Ghosh

National Centre for Excellence in Geoscience Research, Remote Sensing and Aerial Survey, Geological Survey of India, Bangalore 560078, India

More Information

Corresponding author: Girish Kumar Mayachar, ORCID:0000-0001-6223-3035, girishgeosu@gmailcom
Received Date: 25 Dec 2018
Accepted Date: 20 Sep 2019
Publish Date: 01 Mar 2020

Abstract

Abstract

The Lower to Middle Proterozoic Sakoli fold belt in Central India forms a triangular belt with significant mineralization of strategic minerals. The Sakoli fold belt comprises metasediments, felsic and mafic volcanics with metabasalts bounded by the gneissic-migmatitic terrain. The last pulses of granitic activity in the form of quartz lenses intrude the metasediments and are associated with tungsten mineralization. The metasediments are intruded by the quartz veins and tourmaline breccias trending 60°N to 65°E and 60°S to 65°W and are parallel to the regional structural foliations. The tungsten mineralization in this area is restricted to tourmaline-quartz mica greisens and quartz veins. The NE-SW trending foliated contact zones of chlorite mica schist and porphyritic granite/gneisses have served as easy channels for the mineralizing vapours and solutions to percolate, which formed ore bearing greisens and quartz veins. This mineralization is erratic and manifested by sparse and sporadic disseminations of wolframite and scheelite associated with minor amount of molybdenite and chalcopyrite. The fluid inclusion microthermometry on mineralized quartz veins and quartz-tourmaline veins reveals the existence of a metamorphogenic aqueous-gaseous (H₂O-CO₂+NaCl) fluid that underwent phase separation and gave rise to gaseous (CO₂) inclusion. The salinity of tungsten mineralizations varies from low to high (1.32 wt.% to 40.44 wt.% NaCl eq.). The estimated P-T range of tungsten mineralization varies from 1.2 to 2.2 kbar at 280 to 390 ℃. Raman spectroscopy reveals that the fluid inclusions mainly contain H₂O and CO₂ with rarely H₂S and CH₄. Stable isotopic data reveal that the sulfur isotope fractions from the deposits δ³⁴S ranging from +3.1‰ to +3.35‰, suggesting the deep crustal source for the sulfur, which can be further interpreted as a single (magmatic) supply of sulfur during magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization. The studies reveal the presence of chlorides such as FeCl₂/MgCl₂ and CaCl₂, indicating the involvement of chloride complexes in transportation of tungsten to the fluid system and the evolution of the ore-forming fluids by mixing or immiscibility of high-temperature, high-salinity magmatic fluids and low-temperature, low-salinity fluids in hydrothermal system, and also representing magmatic-hydrothermal interactions contributed wolframite and scheelite with minor amount of molybdenite and chalcopyrite.
- Sakoli fold belt,
- fluid inclusions,
- tungsten

FullText(HTML)

References(46)

References

Archer, D. G., 1992. Thermodynamic Properties of the NaCl+H₂O System. Ⅱ. Thermodynamic Properties of NaCl(aq), NaCl⋅2H₂(cr), and Phase Equilibria. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 21(4):793-829. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555915

Bakker, R. J., 2003. Package FLUIDS 1. Computer Programs for Analysis of Fluid Inclusion Data and for Modelling Bulk Fluid Properties. Chemical Geology, 194(1/2/3):3-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2541(02)00268-1 http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=20c760049a3f451f28721556f22583db

Bandyopadhyay, B. K., 1992. Sedex Type Copper and Zinc Deposits in the Proterozoic Sakoli Group, Nagpur and Bhandara Districts, Central India. In: Sarkar, S. C., ed., Metallogeny Related to Tectonics of the Proterozoic Mobile Belts. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam. 53-101

Beaudoin, G., Taylor, B. E., Rumble, D. III, et al., 1994. Variations in the Sulfur Isotope Composition of Troilite from the Cañon Diablo Iron Meteorite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58(19):4253-4255. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90277-1

Bhoskar, K. G., 1998. Genetic Modeling in Relation to the Geochemical Parameters of Distribution of Tungsten and Associated Metals in Submarine Basic Volcanic Domain-A Case History of Ranbori-Bhaonri Prospects. Gondwana Geological Magzine, 13(2):13-21

Bhoskar, K. G., Choudhury, A., Padhi, R. N., 2004. Conceptual Modeling of Tungsten Mineralization in the Sakoli Basin, Central India. In: Rai, K. L., Patel, S. C., eds., Precambrian Crustal Evolution and Metallogenesis with Special References to Central India. Recent Researches in Geology, 17: 108-119

Bhoskar, K. G., Roy, A., Saha, A. K., 2001. Crustal Evolution and Ore Genesis-The Central Indian Scenario. Geol. Surv. Ind. Spl. Pub., 64:199-207

Bodnar, R. J., 1993. Revised Equation and Table for Determining the Freezing Point Depression of H₂O-NaCl Solutions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57(3):683-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90378-a doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90378-A

Bodnar, R. J., 1983. A Method of Calculating Fluid Inclusion Volumes Based on Vapor Bubble Diameters and P-V-T-X Properties of Inclusion Fluids. Economic Geology, 78(3):535-542. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.78.3.535

Bodnar, R. J., Binns, P. R., Hall, D. L., 1989. Synthetic Fluid Inclusions-Ⅵ. Quantitative Evaluation of the Decrepitation Behaviour of Fluid Inclusions in Quartz at One Atmosphere Confining Pressure. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 7(2):229-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1989.tb00586.x

Brown, P. E., Lamb, W. M., 1989. P-V-T Properties of Fluids in the System H₂O±CO₂±NaCl:New Graphical Presentations and Implications for Fluid Inclusion Studies. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53(6):1209-1221. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90057-4

Chi, G. X., Lu, H. Z., 2008. Validation and Representation of Fluid Inclusion Microthermometric Data Using the Fluid Inclusion Assemblage (FIA) Concept. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 24:1945-1953 (in Chinese with English Abstract) http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=ysxb98200809001

Collins, P. L. F., 1979. Gas Hydrates in CO₂-Bearing Fluid Inclusions and the Use of Freezing Data for Estimation of Salinity. Economic Geology, 74(6):1435-1444. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.74.6.1435

de Groot, P. A., 2004. Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques, Vol. 1. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 1234

de Groot, P. A., 2009. Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques, Vol. 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 1372

Dekate, Y. G., 1967. Tungsten Occurrences in India and Their Genesis. Economic Geology, 62(4):556-561. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.62.4.556

Duan, Z. H., Møller, N., Weare, J. H., 1992. An Equation of State for the CH₄-CO₂-H₂O System:Ⅱ. Mixtures from 50 to 1 000℃ and 0 to 1 000 bar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 56(7):2619-2631. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(92)90348-m doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(92)90348-M

Èerný, P., Blevin, P. L., Cuney, M., et al., 2005. Granite-Related Ore Deposits. In: Hedenquist, J. W., Thompson, J. F. H., Goldfarb, R. J., Granite-Related Ore Deposits. MPG Books Ltd., Bodmin. 337-370

Eugster, H. P., 1985. Granites and Hydrothermal Ore Deposits:A Geochemical Framework. Mineralogical Magazine, 49(350):7-23. https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1985.049.350.02

Fermor, L. L., 1908. Note on Occurrence of Wolfram in the Nagpur District, Central Provinces. Rec. Geol. Sury. India, 36(4):301-311

Goldstein, R. H., 2003. Petrographic Analysis of Fluid Inclusions. In: Samson, I., Anderson, A., Marshall, D., eds., Fluid Inclusions Analysis and Interpretation, Short Course Series, Vol. 32. Mineralogical Association of Canada. 9-53

Goldstein, R. H., Reynolds, T. J., 1994. Systematics of Fluid Inclusions in Diagenetic Minerals. SEPM Short Course 31, Soc. Sediment. Geol. 199

Heinrich, C. A., 1990. The Chemistry of Hydrothermal Tin(-Tungsten) Ore Deposition. Economic Geology, 85(3):457-481. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.85.3.457

Hoefs, J., 2009. Stable Isotope Geochemistry. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 288

Jaireth, S., Heinrich, C. A., Solomon, M., 1990. Chemical Controls on Hydrothermal Tungsten Transport in Some Magmatic Systems and the Precipitation of Ferberite and Scheelite. Geol. Soc. Australia Abs., 25:269-270 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313220307_Chemical_controls_on_hydrothermal_tungsten_transport_in_some_magmatic_systems_and_the_precipitation_of_ferberite_and_scheelite

Lokras, K. V., Gajbhiye, N. G., Raju, A. V., 1981. Agargaon Tungsten Deposit, Nagpur District, Maharastra. GSI Bulletin, 42:83

Lu, H. Z., Fan, H. R., Ni, P., et al., 2004. Fluid Inclusions. Science Press, Beijing. 406-419

Marini, L., Chiappini, V., Cioni, R., et al., 1998. Effect of Degassing on Sulfur Contents and δ³⁴S Values in Somma-Vesuvius Magmas. Bulletin of Volcanology, 60(3):187-194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450050226

Mohan, M., Bhoskar, K. G., 1990. Tungsten Metallogeny Related to Acid Magmatism in the Sakoli Group, Central India. Geol. Surv. Ind. Spl. Pub., 28:648-657

Narsimhan, D., Rao, N. K., Panchapakesan, V., et al., 1997. Tungsten Mineralisation at Khobna, Maharashtra:Fluid Inclusion Studies. J. Geol. Sco. Ind., 50:343-346 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294578744_Tungsten_mineralisation_at_Khobna_Maharashtra_Fluid_inclusion_studies

Ohmoto H., Rye, R. O., 1979. Isotopes of Sulfur and Carbon. In: Barnes, H. L., ed., Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 509-567

Pophare, A. M., Varade, A. M., Kanojkar, D. M., et al., 2006. Ore Genetic Modeling of Tungsten Mineralisation in Kuhi-Khobana-Agargaon Belt, Nagpur District, Maharashtra. Journal of Applied Geochemistry, 8(2A):430-440 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275651122_Ore_genetic_modelling_of_Tungsten_mineralization_at_Kuhi-Khobana-Agargaon_belt_Nagpur_District_Maharashtra

Pouchou, J. L., Pichoir, F., 1984. A New Model for Quantitative X-Ray Microanalyses, Part Ⅰ:Application to the Analyses of Homogenous Samples. Recherche Aerospatiale, V(3):13-36

Raychaudhury, J. K., Das, M., 1981. Base Metal Mineralisation in the Sakoli Metamporphites in Parts of Nagpur-Bhandara Districts, Maharashtra. Geol. Sruv. Ind. Spl. Pub., 3:227-237 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292401514_Basemetal_mineralisation_in_Sakoli_metamorphites_in_parts_of_Nagpur-Bhandara_districts_Maharashtra

Roedder, E., 1984. Fluid Inclusions. Reviews in Mineralogy, 12:644 http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dqkx200802015

Roy, A. K., Charles Mony, P. C. D., Saha, A. K., 1994. Geology of the Sakoli Fold Belt, Nagpur, Bhandara and Gadchiroli Districts, Maharashtra, Central India. Geological Survey of India, Rep. Nagpur for the F. S. 1988-1994

Roy, A., Charles Mony, P. C. D., Saha, S. K., 1996. Geology of the Sakoli Fold Belt, Nagpur, Bhandara, and Gadchiroli Districts, Maharashtra, Central India. Geological Survey of India, Rep. Nagpur for the F. S. 1988-1994

Saha, A. K., Chattopadhyay, S., Kanhu, C. M., et al., 2001. Polymetallic Mineralisation in Sakoli Fold Belt Their Genetic Modeling Using Fluid Inclusion and Sulfur Isotope Data. Geol. Surv. Ind. Spl. Pub., 64:307-398

Seetharam, R., 1990. Ore Mineralogy of the Khobna Tungsten Prospect, Nagpur District, Maharashtra. GSI Special Publication, 28:599-617

Sengupta, K. K., 1941. Note on the Occurrence of Scheelite near Agargaon. Quart. Jour. Geol. Min. Met. Soc. Ind., 13:179-189

Shepherd, T. J., Rankin, A. H., Alderton, D. H. M., 1985. A Practical Guide to Fluid Inclusion Studies. Blackie, Glasgow, London. 239

Thiery, R., Vidal, J., Dubessy, J., 1994. Phase Equilibria Modelling Applied to Fluid Inclusions:Liquid-Vapour Equilibria and Calculation of the Molar Volume in the CO₂-CH₄-N₂ System. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58(3):1073-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90573-8

Touret, J. L. R., 2001. Fluids in Metamorphic Rocks. Lithos, 55(1/2/3/4):1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0024-4937(00)00036-0 http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dxqy-e201803005

van den Kerkhof, A. M., 1988. Phase Transitions and Molar Volumes of CO₂-CH₄-N₂ Inclusions. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 111(3):257-266. https://doi.org/10.3406/bulmi.1988.8046

Wang, X. D., Ni, P., Yuan, S. D., et al., 2012. Fluid Inclusion Studies of the Huangsha Quartz-Vein Type Tungsten Deposit, Jiangxi Province. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 28:122-132 (in Chinese with English Abstract) http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ysxb98201201010

Zhang, Y. G., Frantz, J. D., 1987. Determination of the Homogenization Temperatures and Densities of Supercritical Fluids in the System NaCl-KCl-CaCl₂-H₂O Using Synthetic Fluid Inclusions. Chemical Geology, 64(3/4):335-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(87)90012-x

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views