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Volume 31 Issue 3
Jul 2020
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Journal of Earth Science  > 2020  >  31(3): 621-634.
Márton Veress. Karst Types and Their Karstification. Journal of Earth Science, 2020, 31(3): 621-634. doi: 10.1007/s12583-020-1306-x
Citation: Márton Veress. Karst Types and Their Karstification. Journal of Earth Science, 2020, 31(3): 621-634. doi: 10.1007/s12583-020-1306-x
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Karst Types and Their Karstification

doi: 10.1007/s12583-020-1306-x

  • Department of Geography, Eötvös Lóránd University, Szombathely-9700, Hungary

More Information
  • Corresponding author: Márton Veress, ORCID:0000-0003-4718-4225, veress.marton@sek.elte.hu
  • Received Date: 12 Oct 2019
  • Accepted Date: 03 Jan 2020
  • Publish Date: 01 Mar 2020
    Abstract
  • Eighty-one karst types and their main characteristics are described in this study, including the conditions of their development, the main characteristics of their karstification and their characteristic features. The classification includes the karst types of the Earth, a concise description of each karst type and the possibilities of belonging to several types of various karst areas. The classification of types is hierarchical in terms of groups, subgroups, types and subtypes. Karst can be classified according to their momentary state (the group of static karst types) and to their development (group of dynamic karst types). The group of static karst types has the azonal and zonal subgroups. Azonal karst types may be situated under any climate. These karst types are categorized according to their geological characteristics (age of karstification, constituting rock, extent of coveredness, structure), their elevation, expansion, the morphology of their surface, hydrology and to the effects occurring on the karst. Taking the above mentioned factors into consideration, the author distinguishes various types and describes their characteristics. Zonal karst types are also described (tundra karst, temperate karst, subtropical karst, tropical karst), karst types that can be distinguished based on their geomorphic evolution are identified and their characteristics are presented.

     

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