Advanced Search

Indexed by SCI、CA、РЖ、PA、CSA、ZR、etc .

Volume 34 Issue 2
Apr 2023
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Yan Zhang, Shan Chang, Qinglai Feng, Shucan Zheng. A Diverse Microfossil Assemblage from the Ediacaran–Cambrian Deep-Water Chert of the Liuchapo Formation in Guizhou Province, South China. Journal of Earth Science, 2023, 34(2): 398-408. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1485-0
Citation: Yan Zhang, Shan Chang, Qinglai Feng, Shucan Zheng. A Diverse Microfossil Assemblage from the Ediacaran–Cambrian Deep-Water Chert of the Liuchapo Formation in Guizhou Province, South China. Journal of Earth Science, 2023, 34(2): 398-408. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1485-0

A Diverse Microfossil Assemblage from the Ediacaran–Cambrian Deep-Water Chert of the Liuchapo Formation in Guizhou Province, South China

doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1485-0
More Information
  • Corresponding author: Qinglai Feng, qinglaifeng@cug.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 24 Dec 2020
  • Accepted Date: 19 May 2021
  • Issue Publish Date: 30 Apr 2023
  • The Ediacaran to Cambrian transition witnessed great biological and environmental turnovers from the Precambrian to Phanerozoic. These changes are also reflected by the fossil records during that time. However, the fossil distribution was highly heterogenous. While diverse fossils were constantly found from the shallow shelf including restricted basins, reports from deep-water areas, which are characterized by chert-dominated formations straddling the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary, were scarce. Among them was the Liuchapo Formation that has been considered barren. In this study, a fossiliferous assemblage was found from the Liuchapo Formation in east Guizhou Province, South China. This assemblage comprises Palaeopascichnus jiumenensis, Horodyskia minor, multicellular algae that possibly related with red algae, cyanobacteria, sponge spicules, small shelly fossils, membrane structures of uncertain affinity, and fossils with structures resemble the Ediacaran Megasphaera. Palaeopascichnus and Horodyskia have been widely reported and abundant in the Liuchapo Formation and equivalents, while the others have seldomly, or never, been found from this formation or, more widely, the deep-water chert of transitional interval. The discovery not only contributes to the rare paleontological records preserved in deep-water sediments, but also expanded the geographic distribution of the fossils, providing new materials of biological diversity during this critical interval.

     

  • loading
  • Anderson, R. P., Macdonald, F. A., Jones, D. S., et al., 2017. Doushantuo-Type Microfossils from Latest Ediacaran Phosphorites of Northern Mongolia. Geology, 45(12): 1079–1082 doi: 10.1130/G39576.1
    Anderson, R. P., McMahon, S., MacDonald, F. A., et al., 2019. Palaeobiology of Latest Ediacaran Phosphorites from the Upper Khesen Formation, Khuvsgul Group, Northern Mongolia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 17(6): 501–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1443977
    Antcliffe, J. B., Callow, R. H., Brasier, M. D., 2014. Giving the Early Fossil Record of Sponges a Squeeze. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 89(4): 972–1004. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12090
    Botting, J. P., Muir, L. A., 2018. Early Sponge Evolution: A Review and Phylogenetic Framework. Palaeoworld, 27(1): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2017.07.001
    Brasier, M. D., Antcliffe, J. B., 2009. Evolutionary Relationships within the Avalonian Ediacara Biota: New Insights from Laser Analysis. Journal of the Geological Society, 166(2): 363–384 doi: 10.1144/0016-76492008-011
    Cai, Y. P., Xiao, S. H., Li, G. X., et al., 2019. Diverse Biomineralizing Animals in the Terminal Ediacaran Period Herald the Cambrian Explosion. Geology, 47(4): 380–384. https://doi.org/10.1130/g45949.1
    Chang, S., Zhang, L., Clausen, S., et al., 2019. The Ediacaran–Cambrian Rise of Siliceous Sponges and Development of Modern Oceanic Ecosystems. Precambrian Research, 333: 105438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2019.105438
    Chen, C., Feng, Q. L., 2019. Carbonate Carbon Isotope Chemostratigraphy and U-Pb Zircon Geochronology of the Liuchapo Formation in South China: Constraints on the Ediacaran-Cambrian Boundary in Deep-Water Sequences. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 535: 109361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109361
    Chen, C., Feng, Q., Gan, Z., 2020. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Zircon Ages and Its Geological Significance of Tuffs between the Doushantuo and Liuchapo Formations at Yangtou, Guizhou Province. Earth Science, 45(3): 1–16 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Chen, D. Z., Wang, J. G., Qing, H. R., et al., 2009. Hydrothermal Venting Activities in the Early Cambrian, South China: Petrological, Geochronological and Stable Isotopic Constraints. Chemical Geology, 258(3/4): 168–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.10.016
    Chen, D. Z., Zhou, X. Q., Fu, Y., et al., 2015. New U-Pb Zircon Ages of the Ediacaran-Cambrian Boundary Strata in South China. Terra Nova, 27(1): 62–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12134
    Chen, J. Y., 2004. Response to Comment on "Small Bilaterian Fossils from 40 to 55 Million Years before the Cambrian". Science, 306(5700): 1291b. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102328
    Chen, X., Ling, H. F., Vance, D., et al., 2015. Rise to Modern Levels of Ocean Oxygenation Coincided with the Cambrian Radiation of Animals. Nature Communications, 6 (1): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8142
    Chen, X. H., Geology, W. X. I. O., Resources, M., et al., 1998. Biota and Organic Matter in the Late Sinian and Early Cambrian Black Rock Series of West Hunan and Its Significance for Metallization. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 72(4): 432–440 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Chen, X. H., Wang, X. F., 2002. Morphology and Systematics of Fossils in the Sinian Wulingshan Biota from Western Hunan Province. Regional Geology of China, 21(10): 638–645 (in Chinese with English Abstract) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2002.10.007
    Condon, D., Zhu, M., Bowring, S., et al., 2005. U-Pb Ages from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China. Science, 308(5718): 95–98. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1107765
    Daley, A. C., Antcliffe, J. B., Drage, H. B., et al., 2018. Early Fossil Record of Euarthropoda and the Cambrian Explosion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(21): 5323–5331. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719962115
    Ding, W. M., Qian, Y., 1988. Late Sinian to Early Cambrian Small Shelly Fossils from Yangjiaping, Shimen, Hunan. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 5(1): 39–55 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Dong, L., Song, W. M., Xiao, S. H., et al., 2012. Micro- and Macrofossils from the Piyuancun Formation and Their Implications for the Ediacaran-Cambrian Boundary in Southern Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 36(3): 600–610 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Dong, L., Xiao, S. H., Shen, B., et al., 2008. Silicified Horodyskia and Palaeopascichnus from Upper Ediacaran Cherts in South China: Tentative Phylogenetic Interpretation and Implications for Evolutionary Stasis. Journal of the Geological Society, 165(1): 367–378. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492007-074
    Erwin, D. H., Laflamme, M., Tweedt, S. M., et al., 2011. The Cambrian Conundrum: Early Divergence and Later Ecological Success in the Early History of Animals. Science (New York, NY), 334(6059): 1091–1097. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1206375
    Fu, Y., Dong, L., Li, C., et al., 2016. New Re-Os Isotopic Constrains on the Formation of the Metalliferous Deposits of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation. Journal of Earth Science, 27(2): 271–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-016-0606-7
    Huang, J., Liu, J., Zhang, Y. N., et al., 2018. Cr Isotopic Composition of the Laobao Cherts during the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition in South China. Chemical Geology, 482: 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.02.011
    Huldtgren, T., Cunningham, J. A., Yin, C., et al., 2011. Fossilized Nuclei and Germination Structures Identify Ediacaran "Animal Embryos" as Encysting Protists. Science, 334(6063): 1696–1699. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1209537
    Jiang, G. Q., Shi, X. Y., Zhang, S. H., et al., 2011. Stratigraphy and Paleogeography of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation (ca. 635–551 Ma) in South China. Gondwana Research, 19(4): 831–849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2011.01.006
    Jiang, G. Q., Wang, X. Q., Shi, X. Y., et al., 2012. The Origin of Decoupled Carbonate and Organic Carbon Isotope Signatures in the Early Cambrian (ca. 542–520 Ma) Yangtze Platform. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317/318: 96–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.018
    Jiang, S. Y., Pi, D. H., Heubeck, C., et al., 2009. Early Cambrian Ocean Anoxia in South China. Nature, 459(7248): E5–E6. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08048
    Liu, H., Nie, X. Q., Dong, L., 2017. The Fossil Record of Oscillatoriaceae from the Ediacaran-Lower Cambrian Liuchapo Formation in Central Guizhou, China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 56(2): 140–153 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Liu, P. J., Xiao, S. H., Yin, C. Y., et al., 2014. Ediacaran Acanthomorphic Acritarchs and Other Microfossils from Chert Nodules of the Upper Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges Area, South China. Journal of Paleontology, 88(S72): 1–139. https://doi.org/10.1666/13-009
    Luo, C., Miao, L. Y., 2020. A Horodyskia-Nenoxites-Dominated Fossil Assemblage from the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition (Liuchapo Formation, Hunan Province): Its Paleontological Implications and Stratigraphic Potential. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 545: 109635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109635
    Luo, Q., Wang, F., Wang, Y., 1982. Uppermost Sinian–Lowerest Cambrian Age Microfossils from Qingzhen-Zhijin County, Guizhou Province. Bulletin Tianjin Institute Geol. Min. Res., 6: 23–41 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Marshall, C. R., 2006. Explaining the Cambrian "Explosion" of Animals. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 34(1): 355–384. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.33.031504.103001
    Narbonne, G. M., 2004. Modular Construction of Early Ediacaran Complex Life Forms. Science, 305(5687): 1141–1144. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1099727
    Nie, X. Q., Liu, H., Dong, L., 2017. Ediacaran Microfossils from the Doushantuo Formation of the Siduping Section, Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, China. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 34(4): 369–389 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Ouyang, Q., Zhou, C. M., Xiao, S. H., et al., 2019. Acanthomorphic Acritarchs from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at Zhangcunping in South China, with Implications for the Evolution of Early Ediacaran Eukaryotes. Precambrian Research, 320: 171–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2018.10.012
    Pessagno, E. A., Newport, R. L., 1972. A Technique for Extracting Radiolaria from Radiolarian Cherts. Micropaleontology, 18(2): 231–234. https://doi.org/10.2307/1484997
    Qian, Y., Yin, G., 1984. Small Shelly Fossils from the Lowest Cambrian in Guizhou. Professional Papers of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, 13: 91–124 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Shang, X., Liu, P., 2020. Acritarchs from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at the Tianping Section in Zhangjiajie Area of Hunan Province, South China and Their Biostratigraphic Significance. Journal of Stratigraphy, 44(2): 150–162 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Shang, X. D., Liu, P. J., Moczydłowska, M., 2019. Acritarchs from the Doushantuo Formation at Liujing Section in Songlin Area of Guizhou Province, South China: Implications for Early–Middle Ediacaran Biostratigraphy. Precambrian Research, 334: 105453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2019.105453
    Shang, X. D., Moczydłowska, M., Liu, P. J., et al., 2018. Organic Composition and Diagenetic Mineralization of Microfossils in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Chert Nodule by Raman and Petrographic Analyses. Precambrian Research, 314: 145–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2018.05.029
    Shi, M., Feng, Q. L., Khan, M. Z., et al., 2017. An Eukaryote-Bearing Microbiota from the Early Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation, Tianjin, China and Its Significance. Precambrian Research, 303: 709–726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.09.013
    Shome, S., Mathur, V. K., Nath, S., et al., 2014. Occurrence of Neoproterozoic Animal Embryos in the Chambaghat Formation of Himachal Lesser Himalaya. India. Curr. Sci. India., 106 (6): 813–815
    Steiner, M., Li, G. X., Qian, Y., et al., 2007. Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian Small Shelly Fossil Assemblages and a Revised Biostratigraphic Correlation of the Yangtze Platform (China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 254(1/2): 67–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.03.046
    Wang, J. G., Chen, D. Z., Wang, D., et al., 2012a. Petrology and Geochemistry of Chert on the Marginal Zone of Yangtze Platform, Western Hunan, South China, during the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition. Sedimentology, 59(3): 809–829. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2011.01280.x
    Wang, J. G., Chen, D. Z., Yan, D. T., et al., 2012b. Evolution from an Anoxic to Oxic Deep Ocean during the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition and Implications for Bioradiation. Chemical Geology, 306/307: 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.03.005
    Wang, X. Q., Shi, X. Y., Jiang, G. Q., et al., 2012. New U-Pb Age from the Basal Niutitang Formation in South China: Implications for Diachronous Development and Condensation of Stratigraphic Units across the Yangtze Platform at the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 48: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.12.023
    Xiang, L., Cai, C. F., He, X. Y., et al., 2016. The Ocean Redox State Evolution and Its Controls during the Cambrian Series 1–2: Evidence from Lijiatuo Section, South China. Journal of Earth Science, 27(2): 255–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-016-0695-3
    Xiao, S., 2004. New Multicellular Algal Fossils and Acritarchs in Doushantuo Chert Nodules (Neoproterozoic; Yangtze Gorges, South China). J. Paleontol., 78 (2): 393–401 doi: 10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0393:NMAFAA>2.0.CO;2
    Xiao, S. H., Knoll, A. H., 2000. Phosphatized Animal Embryos from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an, Guizhou, South China. Journal of Paleontology, 74(05): 767–788. https://doi.org/10.1017/s002233600003300x
    Xiao, S., Knoll, A. H., Yuan, X., et al., 2004. Phosphatized Multicellular Algae in the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China, and the Early Evolution of Florideophyte Red Algae. Am. J. Bot., 91(2): 214–227 doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.2.214
    Xiao, S. H., Muscente, A. D., Chen, L., et al., 2014a. The Weng'an Biota and the Ediacaran Radiation of Multicellular Eukaryotes. National Science Review, 1(4): 498–520. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwu061
    Xiao, S. H., Zhou, C. M., Liu, P. J., et al., 2014b. Phosphatized Acanthomorphic Acritarchs and Related Microfossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an (South China) and Their Implications for Biostratigraphic Correlation. Journal of Paleontology, 88(1): 1–67. https://doi.org/10.1666/12-157r
    Yang, B., Steiner, M., Zhu, M. Y., et al., 2016. Transitional Ediacaran-Cambrian Small Skeletal Fossil Assemblages from South China and Kazakhstan: Implications for Chronostratigraphy and Metazoan Evolution. Precambrian Research, 285: 202–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.09.016
    Yang, B., Zhang, L., Danelian, T., et al., 2014. Chert-Hosted Small Shelly Fossils: Expanded Tool of Biostratigraphy in the Early Cambrian. GFF, 136(1): 303–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2014.882977
    Yang, C., Zhu, M. Y., Condon, D. J., et al., 2017. Geochronological Constraints on Stratigraphic Correlation and Oceanic Oxygenation in Ediacaran–Cambrian Transition in South China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 140: 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.03.017
    Yang, L., Pang, K., Chen, L., et al., 2020. New Materials of Microfossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Baizhu Phosphorite Deposit, Baokang, Hubei Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 37(1): 1–20 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Yang, R., Qian, Y., Zhang, J., et al., 2004. Sponge Spicules from Phosphorite of the Early Cambrian Gezhongwu Formation in Zhijin, Guizhou. Progress in Natural Science, 14(8): 898–903 (in Chinese with English Abstract) doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-008X.2004.08.008
    Yang, X. L., Zhao, Y. L., Wang, Y., et al., 2005. Discovery of Sponge Body Fossils from the Late Meishucunian (Cambrian) at Jinsha, Guizhou, South China. Progress in Natural Science, 15(8): 708–712. https://doi.org/10.1080/10020070512331342800
    Yang, X. L., Zhu, M. Y., Zhao, Y. L., et al., 2005. Cambrian Sponge Assemblages from Guizhou. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 22(3): 295–303 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Ye, Q., Tong, J. N., An, Z. H., et al., 2015. Phosphatized Fossil Assemblage from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in Zhangcunping Area, Yichang, Hubei Province. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 54(1): 43–65 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Yin, C. Y., Bengtson, S., Yue, Z., 2004. Silicified and Phosphatized Tianzhushania, Spheroidal Microfossil of Possible Animal Origin from the Neoproterozoic of South China. Acta Palaeontol. Pol., 49(1): 1–12 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Yin, C. Y., Gao, L. Z., Xing, Y. S., 2001. Discovery of Tianzhushania in Doushantuo Phosphorites in Weng'an, Guizhou Province. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 40(4): 497–504 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Yin, C. Y., Liu, P., Awramik, S. M., et al., 2011. Acanthomorph Biostratigraphic Succession of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the East Yangtze Gorges, South China. Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition, 85(2): 283–295
    Yin, G., Wang, Y., Qian, Y., 1982. Preliminary Study of Ediacaran-Cambrian Boundary in Guizhou Province. Journal of Stratigraphy, 6(4): 286–293 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Yin, L. M., Borjigin, T., Knoll, A. H., et al., 2017. Sheet-Like Microfossils from Hydrothermally Influenced Basinal Cherts of the Lower Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Niutitang Formation, Guizhou, South China. Palaeoworld, 26(1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2016.01.005
    Yin, L. M., Zhou, C. M., Yuan, X. L., 2008. New Data on Tianzhushania—An Ediacaran Diapause Egg Cyst from Yichang, Hubei. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 47(2): 129–140 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Yin, L. M., Zhu, M. Y., Knoll, A. H., et al., 2007. Doushantuo Embryos Preserved Inside Diapause Egg Cysts. Nature, 446(7136): 661–663. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05682
    Yin, Z. J., Vargas, K., Cunningham, J., et al., 2019. The Early Ediacaran Caveasphaera Foreshadows the Evolutionary Origin of Animal-Like Embryology. Current Biology, 29(24): 4307–4314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.057
    Yin, Z. J., Zhao, D. D., Pan, B., et al., 2018. Early Cambrian Animal Diapause Embryos Revealed by X-Ray Tomography. Geology, 46(5): 387–390. https://doi.org/10.1130/g40081.1
    Yuan, X. L., Chen, Z., Xiao, S. H., et al., 2011. An Early Ediacaran Assemblage of Macroscopic and Morphologically Differentiated Eukar-yotes. Nature, 470(7334): 390–393. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09810
    Yuan, X. L., Xiao, S. H., Parsley, R. L., et al., 2002. Towering Sponges in an Early Cambrian Lagerstätte: Disparity between Nonbilaterian and Bilaterian Epifaunal Tierers at the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Transition. Geology, 30(4): 363. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)0300363:tsiaec>2.0.co;2 doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)0300363:tsiaec>2.0.co;2
    Zhang, Y., 1989. Multicellular Thallophytes with Differentiated Tissues from Late Proterozoic Phosphate Rocks of South China. Lethaia, 22(2): 113–132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1989.tb01674.x
    Zhang, Y., Yin, L. M., Xiao, S. H., et al., 1998. Permineralized Fossils from the Terminal Proterozoic Doushantuo Formation, South China. Journal of Paleontology, 72(S50): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000059977
    Zhang, Y., Yuan, X., 1992. New Data on Multicellular Thallophytes and Fragments of Cellular Tissues from Late Proterozoic Phosphate Rocks, South China. Lethaia, 25(1): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1992.tb01788.x
    Zhang, Y., Zhang, X. L., 2017. New Megasphaera-Like Microfossils Reveal Their Reproductive Strategies. Precambrian Research, 300: 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.08.006
    Zhao, D. X., 1986. The Discovery of Phosphatic Red Algae in the Sinian Doushantuo Formation. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 4(1): 126–127, 138 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Zheng, Y., Li, Y., Guo, J., 2012. Sponge Spicule Fossils of Qiongzhusian Age in Zhenba County of Southern Shannxi Province. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 34(2): 24–30 (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    Zhu, M. Y., Yang, A. H., Yuan, J. L., et al., 2019. Cambrian Integrative Stratigraphy and Timescale of China. Science China Earth Sciences, 62(1): 25–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-017-9291-0
    Zhu, M. Y., Zhang, J. M., Yang, A. H., et al., 2003. Sinian–Cambrian Stratigraphic Framework for Shallow- to Deep-Water Environments of the Yangtze Platform: An Integrated Approach. Progress in Natural Science, 13(12): 951–960. https://doi.org/10.1080/10020070312331344710
    Zhu, M., Zhuravlev, A. Y., Wood, R. A., et al., 2017. A Deep Root for the Cambrian Explosion: Implications of New Bio- and Chemostratigraphy from the Siberian Platform. Geology, 45(5): 459–462. https://doi.org/10.1130/g38865.1
    Zumberge, J. A., Love, G. D., Cárdenas, P., et al., 2018. Demosponge Steroid Biomarker 26-Methylstigmastane Provides Evidence for Neoproterozoic Animals. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2(11): 1709–1714. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0676-2
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Figures(4)

    Article Metrics

    Article views(144) PDF downloads(64) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return