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Volume 33 Issue 5
Oct 2022
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Journal of Earth Science  > 2022  >  33(5): 1219-1232.
Zhen Guo, Mei Xue, Adnan Aydin, Yu Huang. Locating the Source Regions of the Single and Double- Frequency Microseisms to Investigate the Source Effects on HVSR in Site Effect Analysis. Journal of Earth Science, 2022, 33(5): 1219-1232. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1501-4
Citation: Zhen Guo, Mei Xue, Adnan Aydin, Yu Huang. Locating the Source Regions of the Single and Double- Frequency Microseisms to Investigate the Source Effects on HVSR in Site Effect Analysis. Journal of Earth Science, 2022, 33(5): 1219-1232. doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1501-4
shu

Locating the Source Regions of the Single and Double- Frequency Microseisms to Investigate the Source Effects on HVSR in Site Effect Analysis

doi: 10.1007/s12583-021-1501-4
  • 1.

    State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

  • 2.

    College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

  • 3.

    Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

  • 4.

    Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai 201602, China

  • 5.

    Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford MS 38677, U.S.A

More Information
  • Corresponding author: Mei Xue, meixue@tongji.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 19 Mar 2021
  • Accepted Date: 22 Jun 2021
    • Available Online: 19 Oct 2022
  • Issue Publish Date: 30 Oct 2022
    Abstract

  • Evaluating the seismic site effect by the ambient noise based horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method is strongly affected by the spatial and temporal variations of the ambient noise sources. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the source regions of ambient noise and investigate the relationships between the source energy and HVSR values at the predominant frequency (HVSRf0) of the site. The generation mechanisms of the single- and double-frequency microseisms (SFMs, 0.05-0.085 Hz and DFMs, 0.1-0.5 Hz) in ambient noise are better understood than the noise in other frequency bands and they are dominantly composed of fundamental Rayleigh (Rg) waves. With this advantage, the recordings of SFMs and DFMs at 30 stations in the east coast region of the United States are used to demonstrate a study on locating their source regions with reasonable certainty and constructing the functional relationship between the HVSRf0 and the source energy of SFMs and DFMs. The recordings are processed in four sub-frequency bands (Fs) of SF and DF bands and a polarization analysis is carried out to select the ellipsoids approximating the particle motions of Rg waves. Then the probability density functions of the back azimuths of the ellipsoids' semi-major axes are computed for each F and station, and are projected on the ocean to determine their possible source regions. These regions are further constrained by (1) the correlation coefficients between the SFMs and the WAVEWATCH Ⅲ (WWⅢ) hindcasts of ocean wave spectra in the SF band, or between the DFMs and the modeled DF energy on ocean surface in the selected time windows in the DF band, (2) the energy contribution defined by (ⅰ) the average WWⅢ ocean wave energy and the ocean bottom topographical gradient in the SF band, or (ⅱ) the average modeled DF energy on ocean surface and a frequency and water depth dependent coefficient measuring the conversion efficiency of DF energy from water to solid earth in the DF band, and (3) the percentile retained energy of Rg waves in both the SF and DF bands. Results of source regions reveal that (1) the SFMs recorded in eastern US result from the interactions of low frequency (0.05-0.085 Hz) ocean waves with the continental slope and shelf of western North Atlantic Ocean; (2) the source regions for long- (0.1-0.2 Hz) period DFMs are located in the deep ocean close to the continental slope; and (3) the short- (0.2–0.5 Hz) period DFMs are generated in the continental shelf. Finally, the correlation analyses between the simulated source energy and the HVSRf0values at the stations whose f0s fall in DF band are carried out revealing significant source effect on thick sediments at low frequencies.

     

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