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Volume 37 Issue 1
Feb 2026
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Miao Li, Yushuang Zhou, Yongqiang Zhao, Juan Xu, Fei Wu, Feng Geng. Petrographic, Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints on the Origin of Regional-Scale Dolomitization: A Case Study of the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician Dolomites in the Bachu Area, Central Tarim Basin, China. Journal of Earth Science, 2026, 37(1): 23-35. doi: 10.1007/s12583-023-1838-y
Citation: Miao Li, Yushuang Zhou, Yongqiang Zhao, Juan Xu, Fei Wu, Feng Geng. Petrographic, Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints on the Origin of Regional-Scale Dolomitization: A Case Study of the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician Dolomites in the Bachu Area, Central Tarim Basin, China. Journal of Earth Science, 2026, 37(1): 23-35. doi: 10.1007/s12583-023-1838-y

Petrographic, Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints on the Origin of Regional-Scale Dolomitization: A Case Study of the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician Dolomites in the Bachu Area, Central Tarim Basin, China

doi: 10.1007/s12583-023-1838-y
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  • The Cambrian and Lower Ordovician strata of the Bachu area in central Tarim Basin are characterized by extensively dolomitized, which have significant potential for favourable hydrocarbon reservoirs. The study herein combined petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical analyses to investigate the formation environments of these dolomite units and utilized Mg isotopic profiles to constrain the changes in the fluid flow trajectory. Positive excursions of δ18O and upward-increasing δ26Mg profiles were observed in samples of the Wusonger formation (Є1w), which may result from evaporation. Moreover, based on high 87Sr/86Sr ratios, high total REE concentrations and the occurrence of specific minerals, including quartz, barite, gypsum and pyrite, we interpret an evaporitic near-surface origin for the Є1w dolomites. Samples of the Xiaoerblak Formation (Є1x) are the product of seepage-reflux dolomitization, suggested by upward-decreasing δ26Mg profiles and relatively lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios than the Є1w samples. The overlapping isotope (δ18O, δ13C and 87Sr/86Sr) values between samples of the Shayilik (Є2s) and Awatagh (Є2a) Formation, in addition to the petrography evidence and Mg isotope variations, suggest that the formation of these dolomites were due to the shallow-burial dolomitization. The occurrence of the Xiaqiulitagh (Є3ql) and Penglaiba (O1p) dolomites along stylolites, together with their large crystals with opaque cores and clear rims and vertically constant δ26Mg profiles, indicate that their formation may be related to pressure dissolution by mechanical compaction during deep-burial dolomitization. Therefore, the assembling of multiple petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical methods can shed light on the complicated generation processes of regional-scale dolomite within Tarim Basin or elsewhere.

     

  • Electronic Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials (Table S1, Figures S1–S2) are available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-023-1838-y.
    Conflict of Interest
    The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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