| Citation: | Yanchao Zhang, Xiangdong Yin, Shu Jiang, Litao Ma, Jiaming Li. Impact of Sedimentary Environmental Evolution on Organic Matter Enrichment in Upper Paleozoic Marine-Continental Transitional Shales in the Shenfu Block, Eastern Ordos Basin, China: Evidence from Geochemistry. Journal of Earth Science, 2026, 37(2): 576-592. doi: 10.1007/s12583-024-0055-7
|
The shale gas exploration of marine-continental transitional facies has gained great attention in China, which is viewed as another breakthrough following the marine shale gas prior to continental shale gas. The Upper Paleozoic marine-continental transitional shales have high TOC abundance with large total thickness in the eastern Ordos Basin, progressively becoming a favorable area for exploration of transitional shale gas. Nevertheless, compared with the relatively homogeneous marine shales, the marine-continental transitional shales demonstrated strong anisotropy in the aspects of thickness, lithology and organic matter (OM). Thus, in this paper, based on the trace element and rock-eval data, we investigated the sedimentary facies, provenance, paleoclimate, paleobathymetry, and redox condition, as well as their controls on the enrichment of organic matter in the Shenfu Block, eastern Ordos Basin. The results of trace element experiments indicate that the paleoenvironment of the Ordos Basin underwent a transition from a marine to a continental environment, evolving from the Benxi Formation of the Carboniferous system to the Upper Shihezi Formation of the Permian system. The provenance area is characterised by the presence of high iron and high magnesium feldspar, with a medium degree of weathering. The paleoclimate experienced alternating periods of dry heat, relatively warm wet conditions, and dry heat. The paleowater depth decreased along the sedimentary profile. With regard to the redox environment index, the Taiyuan Formation is the stratum exhibiting the highest degree of reduction. The detection criteria for biomarkers were found to be consistent with the inorganic geochemical characteristics. The relationship between various trace elements and TOC indicates that redox conditions are the primary factors influencing the accumulation of organic matter in transitional shale. Organic matter is more abundant in warm and humid marine and terrestrial environments than in deep water and anoxic conditions. The characteristics of trace elements can be inferred to suggest that the Benxi Formation and Taiyuan Formation have greater potential for exploration and development.
| Algeo, T. J., Li, C., 2020. Redox Classification and Calibration of Redox Thresholds in Sedimentary Systems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 287: 8–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.20 20.01.055 doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2020.01.055 |
| Algeo, T. J., Tribovillard, N., 2009. Environmental Analysis of Paleoceanographic Systems Based on Molybdenum-Uranium Covariation. Chemical Geology, 268(3/4): 211–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.001 |
| Anbar, A. D., Rouxel, O., 2007. Metal Stable Isotopes in Paleoceanography. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 35: 717–746. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125029 |
| Bechtel, A., Jia, J. L., Strobl, S. A. I., et al., 2012. Palaeoenvironmental Conditions during Deposition of the Upper Cretaceous Oil Shale Sequences in the Songliao Basin (NE China): Implications from Geochemical Analysis. Organic Geochemistry, 46: 76–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.02.003 |
| Behar, F., Beaumont, V., de B Penteado, H. L., 2001. Rock-Eval 6 Technology: Performances and Developments. Oil Gas Science and Technology, 56(2): 111–134. https://doi.org/10.2516/ogst:2001013 |
| Bhatia, M. R., Taylor, S. R., 1981. Trace-Element Geochemistry and Sedimentary Provinces: A Study from the Tasman Geosyncline, Australia. Chemical Geology, 33(1/2/3/4): 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(81)90089-9 |
| Borges, J. B., Huh, Y., Moon, S., et al., 2008. Provenance and Weathering Control on River Bed Sediments of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau and the Russian Far East. Chemical Geology, 254(1/2): 52–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.002 |
| Burnaman, M. D., Shelton, J., 2009. Shale Gas Play Screening and Evaluation Criteria. China Petroleum Exploration, 14(3): 51–64 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Canfield, D. E., 1998. A New Model for Proterozoic Ocean Chemistry. Nature, 396(6710): 450–453. https://doi.org/10.1038/24839 |
| Chalmers, G. R. L., Bustin, R. M., 2008. Lower Cretaceous Gas Shales in Northeastern British Columbia, Part Ⅰ: Geological Controls on Methane Sorption Capacity. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 56(1): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.2113/gscpgbull.56.1.1 |
| Chen, H. D., Li, J., Zhang, C. G., et al., 2011. Discussion of Sedimentary Environment and Its Geological Enlightenment of Shanxi Formation in Ordos Basin. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 27(8): 2213–2229 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Cheng, M., Chen, D. X., Lei, W. Z., et al., 2024. The Difference of Source Rocks in Source-Reservoir Structure of Tight Sandstones of Chang 71 Submember and Its Influence on Hydrocarbon Enrichment, Longdong Area, Ordos Basin. Earth Science, 49(9): 3276–3291 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
|
Curtis, J. B., 2002. Fractured Shale-Gas Systems. AAPG Bulletin, 86: 61EEDDBE-173E-11D7-8645000102C1865D. |
| Dai, S. F., Graham, I. T., Ward, C. R., 2016. A Review of Anomalous Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium in Coal. International Journal of Coal Geology, 159: 82–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2016.04.005 |
| Dehairs, F., Chesselet, R., Jedwab, J., 1980. Discrete Suspended Particles of Barite and the Barium Cycle in the Open Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 49(2): 528–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(80)90094-1 |
| Didyk, B. M., Simoneit, B. R. T., Brassell, S. C., et al., 1978. Organic Geochemical Indicators of Palaeoenvironmental Conditions of Sedimentation. Nature, 272(5650): 216–222. https://doi.org/10.1038/272216a0 |
| Dong, T., Harris, N. B., Ayranci, K., 2018. Relative Sea-Level Cycles and Organic Matter Accumulation in Shales of the Middle and Upper Devonian Horn River Group, Northeastern British Columbia, Canada: Insights into Sediment Flux, Redox Conditions, and Bioproductivity. GSA Bulletin, 130(5/6): 859–880. https://doi.org/10.1130/b31851.1 |
| Fu, J. M., Sheng, G. Y., Peng, P. G., et al., 1986. Peculiarities of Salt Lake Sediments as Potential Source Rocks in China. Organic Geochemistry, 10(1/2/3): 119–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(86)90015-x |
| Gao, W. L., Zhang, Q., Fang, Q., et al., 2024. Discussion on Significant Geological Events during Carboniferous–Permian Transition and Main Controlling Factors of Shale Gas Enrichment in Eastern Margin of Ordos Basin. Earth Science, 49(12): 4501–4517. https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2024.079 |
| Guan, Q. Z., Dong, D. Z., Wang, S. F., et al., 2016. Analyses on Differences of Microstructure between Marine and Lacustrine Facies Shale Reservoirs. Natural Gas Geoscience, 27(3): 524–531 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Guo, X. S., Hu, D. F., Li, Y. P., et al., 2016. Analyses and Thoughts on Accumulation Mechanisms of Marine and Lacustrine Shale Gas: A Case Study in Shales of Longmaxi Formation and Da'anzhai Section of Ziliujing Formation in Sichuan Basin. Earth Science Frontiers, 23(2): 18–28 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Hakimi, M. H., Abdulah, W. H., Shalaby, M. R., 2010. Organic Geochemistry, Burial History and Hydrocarbon Generation Modelling of the Upper Jurassic Madbi Formation, Masila Basin, Yemen. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 33(4): 299–318. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.2010.00481.x |
| Hao, F., Zhou, X. H., Zhu, Y. M., et al., 2011. Lacustrine Source Rock Deposition in Response to Co-Evolution of Environments and Organisms Controlled by Tectonic Subsidence and Climate, Bohai Bay Basin, China. Organic Geochemistry, 42(4): 323–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.01.010 |
| He, Q., Dong, T., He, S., et al., 2019. Methane Adsorption Capacity of Marine-Continental Transitional Facies Shales: The Case Study of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, Northern Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 183: 106406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106406 |
| He, Q., Dong, T., He, S., et al., 2020. Sedimentological and Geochemical Characterization of the Upper Permian Transitional Facies of the Longtan Formation, Northern Guizhou Province, Southwest China: Insights into Paleo-Environmental Conditions and Organic Matter Accumulation Mechanisms. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 118: 104446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104446 |
| He, Q., Dong, T., He, S., et al., 2020. Sedimentological and Geochemical Characterization of the Upper Permian Transitional Facies of the Longtan Formation, Northern Guizhou Province, Southwest China: Insights into Paleo-Environmental Conditions and Organic Matter Accumulation Mechanisms. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 118: 104446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104446 |
| Jones, B., Manning, D. A. C., 1994. Comparison of Geochemical Indices Used for the Interpretation of Palaeoredox Conditions in Ancient Mudstones. Chemical Geology, 111(1/2/3/4): 111–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)90085-x |
| Kuang, L. C., Dong, D. Z., He, W. Y., et al., 2020. Geological Characteristics and Development Potential of Transitional Shale Gas in the East Margin of the Ordos Basin, NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 47(3): 471–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(20)60066-0 |
| Lei, M. Y., Liu, C., Sun, B. L., et al., 2024. Geochemical Characteristics and Paleo-Sedimentary Environment of Upper Paleozoic Source Rocks in Shixi Area, Eastern Margin of Ordos Basin. Geological Review, 70(2): 499–511 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Lerman, A., 1989. The Lacustrine Chemistry' Geology and Physics. Wang Sumin, Trans. Geological Publishing House, Beijing |
| Lijmbach, G. W. M., 1975. On the Origin of Petroleum. Proceedings 9th World Petroleum Congress, 2: 357–369 |
| Liu, G., Zhou, D. S., 2007. Application of Microelements Analysis in Identifying Sedimentary Environment—Taking Qianjiang Formation in the Jianghan Basin as an Example. Petroleum Geology Experiment, 29(3): 307–310 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Liu, J. S., Algeo, T. J., 2020. Beyond Redox: Control of Trace-Metal Enrichment in Anoxic Marine Facies by Watermass Chemistry and Sedimentation Rate. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 287: 296–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2020.02.037 |
| Liu, S. X., Wu, C. F., Li, T., et al., 2018. Multiple Geochemical Proxies Controlling the Organic Matter Accumulation of the Marine-Continental Transitional Shale: A Case Study of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, Western Guizhou, China. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 56: 152–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2018.06.007 |
| Loucks, R. G., Ruppel, S. C., 2007. Mississippian Barnett Shale: Lithofacies and Depositional Setting of a Deep-Water Shale-Gas Succession in the Fort Worth Basin, Texas. AAPG Bulletin, 91(4): 579–601. https://doi.org/10.1306/11020606059 |
| Lyons, T. W., Anbar, A. D., Severmann, S., et al., 2009. Tracking Euxinia in the Ancient Ocean: A Multiproxy Perspective and Proterozoic Case Study. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 37: 507–534. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124233 |
| MacQuaker, J. H. S., Taylor, K. G., Gawthorpe, R. L., 2007. High-Resolution Facies Analyses of Mudstones: Implications for Paleoenvironmental and Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretations of Offshore Ancient Mud-Dominated Successions. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 77(4): 324–339. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2007.029 |
| McArthur, J. M., Algeo, T. J., van de Schootbrugge, B., et al., 2008. Basinal Restriction, Black Shales, Re-Os Dating, and the Early Toarcian (Jurassic) Oceanic Anoxic Event. Paleoceanography, 23(4): 2008PA001607. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008pa001607 |
| Milliken, K., 2014. A Compositional Classification for Grain Assemblages in Fine-Grained Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 84(12): 1185–1199. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2014.92 |
| Mitchell, S. F., Pickerill, R. K., Stemann, T. A., 2001. The Port Morant Formation (Upper Pleistocene, Jamaica): High Resolution Sedimentology and Paleoenvironmental Analysis of a Mixed Carbonate Clastic Lagoonal Succession. Sedimentary Geology, 144(3–4): 291–306 |
| Murray, R. W., Leinen, M., 1996. Scavenged Excess Aluminum and Its Relationship to Bulk Titanium in Biogenic Sediment from the Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 60(20): 3869–3878. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00236-0 |
| Nardi, L. V. S., Formoso, M. L. L., Müller, I. F., et al., 2013. Zircon/Rock Partition Coefficients of REEs, Y, Th, U, Nb, and Ta in Granitic Rocks: Uses for Provenance and Mineral Exploration Purposes. Chemical Geology, 335: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.10.043 |
| Overare, B., Azmy, K., Garzanti, E., et al., 2021. Decrypting Geochemical Signatures in Subsurface Niger Delta Sediments: Implication for Provenance, Weathering, and Paleo-Environmental Conditions. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 126: 104879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104879 |
| Pan, W. J., Liu, S. L., Tian, D. R., et al., 2019. Reconstruction of Palaeo-Water Depth of Neocene Shrinking Lake: An Example from the South of Bodong Low Uplift, Bohai Sea. Marine Geology Frontiers, 35(4): 18–25. https://doi.org/10.16028/j.1009-2722.2019.04003 |
| Pang, M., Chen, H. X., Tang, H. M., et al., 2018. Differences of Micropore Structure between Marine Shale and Continental Shale: Examples from Longmaxi Formation in Southern Sichuan Basin and Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 41(2): 29–36 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Peng, J., Fu, Q., Larson, T. E., et al., 2020. Trace-Elemental and Petrographic Constraints on the Severity of Hydrographic Restriction in the Silled Midland Basin during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 133 (1–2): 57–73. https://doi.org/10.1130/B35336.1 |
| Peng, L. C., Han, D. X., Zhou, J. J., 2001. Element Geochemistry Characteristics of Different Sedimentary Environments of Lengke No. 1, Caidamu Basin. Coal Geology Exploration, 29(6): 1–3 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Peters, K. E., Cassa, M. R., 1994. Applied Source Rock Geochemistry. Mem. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., 60: 93–117. https://doi.org/10.1306/m60585c5 |
| Peters, K. E., Moldowan, J. M., 1993. The Biomarker Guide: Interpreting Molecular Fossil in Petroleum and Ancient Sediments. Prentice Hall, London, 363 |
| Peters, K. E., Walters, C. C., Moldowan, J. M., 2005. The Biomarker Guide. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge |
| Price, J. R., Velbel, M. A., 2003. Chemical Weathering Indices Applied to Weathering Profiles Developed on Heterogeneous Felsic Metamorphic Parent Rocks. Chemical Geology, 202(3/4): 397–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2002.11.001 |
| Raiswell, R., Newton, R., Bottrell, S. H., et al., 2008. Turbidite Depositional Influences on the Diagenesis of Beecher's Trilobite Bed and the Hunsruck Slate; Sites of Soft Tissue Pyritization. American Journal of Science, 308(2): 105–129. https://doi.org/10.2475/02.2008.01 |
| Remírez, M. N., Algeo, T. J., 2020. Paleosalinity Determination in Ancient Epicontinental Seas: A Case Study of the T-OAE in the Cleveland Basin (UK). Earth-Science Reviews, 201: 103072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.103072 |
| Rimmer, S. M., 2004. Geochemical Paleoredox Indicators in Devonian–Mississippian Black Shales, Central Appalachian Basin (USA). Chemical Geology, 206(3/4): 373–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.029 |
| Rutlidge, H., Baker, A., Marjo, C. E., et al., 2014. Dripwater Organic Matter and Trace Element Geochemistry in a Semi-Arid Karst Environment: Implications for Speleothem Paleoclimatology. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 135: 217–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.03.036 |
| Sageman, B. B., Murphy, A. E., Werne, J. P., et al., 2003. A Tale of Shales: The Relative Roles of Production, Decomposition, and Dilution in the Accumulation of Organic-Rich Strata, Middle–Upper Devonian, Appalachian Basin. Chemical Geology, 195(1/2/3/4): 229–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00397-2 |
| Sato, H., Hayashi, K. I., Ogawa, Y., et al., 2012. Geochemistry of Deep Sea Sediments at Cold Seep Sites in the Nankai Trough: Insights into the Effect of Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane. Marine Geology, 323/324/325: 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2012.07.013 |
| Sawyer, E. W., 1986. The Influence of Source Rock Type, Chemical Weathering and Sorting on the Geochemistry of Clastic Sediments from the Quetico Metasedimentary Belt, Superior Province, Canada. Chemical Geology, 55(1/2): 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90129-4 |
| Schwark, L., Vliex, M., Schaeffer, P., 1998. Geochemical Characterization of Malm Zeta Laminated Carbonates from the Franconian Alb, SW-Germany (Ⅱ). Organic Geochemistry, 29(8): 1921–1952. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0146-6380(98)00192-2 |
| Shu, T., Xu, Y. B., Tang, D. Z., et al., 2017. Geochemistry of the Shitoumei Oil Shale in the Santanghu Basin, Northwest China: Implications for Paleoclimate Conditions, Weathering, Provenance and Tectonic Setting. International Journal of Coal Geology, 184(5): 42–56 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., Kenig, F., Koopmans, M. P., et al., 1995. Evidence for Gammacerane as an Indicator of Water Column Stratification. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59(9): 1895–1900. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00073-9 |
| Sun, C. R., 2017. Study on Sedimentary Facies and Geochemistry of Trace Elements of Carboniferous–Permian Shale in the Eastern Ordos Basin: [Dissertation]. China University of Geosciences, Beijing (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Sun, X. Q., Liu, S. F., Li, J. R., et al., 2019. Major and Trace Element Compositions of Surface Sediments from the Lower Bengal Fan: Implications for Provenance Discrimination and Sedimentary Environment. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 184: 104000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.104000 |
| Tang, D. J., Shi, X. Y., Zhao, X. K., et al., 2015. Mo-U Covariation as an Important Proxy for Sedimentary Environment Redox Conditions—Progress, Problems and Prospects. Geoscience, 29(1): 1–13 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Tang, X., Zhang, J. C., Ding, W. L., et al., 2016. The Reservoir Property of the Upper Paleozoic Marine-Continental Transitional Shale and Its Gas-Bearing Capacity in the Southeastern Ordos Basin. Earth Science Frontiers, 23(2): 147–157 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Taylor, S. R., Mclennan, S. M., 1985. The Continental Crust: It's Composition and Evolution. Oxford. Blackwell Scientific Publication, London |
| Ten Haven, H. L., de Leeuw, J. W., Rullkötter, J., et al., 1987. Restricted Utility of the Pristane/Phytane Ratio as a Palaeoenvironmental Indicator. Nature, 330(6149): 641–643. https://doi.org/10.1038/330641a0 |
| Tian, G., Yang, M. H., Song, L. J., et al., 2024. New Understanding of Basement Structural Characteristics and Its Evolution Process in Ordos Basin. Earth Science, 49(1): 123–139 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Tribovillard, N., Algeo, T. J., Lyons, T., et al., 2006. Trace Metals as Paleoredox and Paleoproductivity Proxies: An Update. Chemical Geology, 232(1/2): 12–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.02.012 |
| Tribovillard, N., du Châtelet, E. A., Gay, A., et al., 2013. Geochemistry of Cold Seepage-Impacted Sediments: Per-Ascensum or Per-Descensum Trace Metal Enrichment? Chemical Geology, 340: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.12.012 |
| Tribovillard, N., Riboulleau, A., Lyons, T., et al., 2004. Enhanced Trapping of Molybdenum by Sulfurized Marine Organic Matter of Marine Origin in Mesozoic Limestones and Shales. Chemical Geology, 213(4): 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.08.011 |
| Venkatesan, M. I., 1989. Tetrahymanol: Its Widespread Occurrence and Geochemical Significance. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53(11): 3095–3101. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90190-7 |
| Volkman, J. K., 2014. Acyclic Isoprenoid Biomarkers and Evolution of Biosynthetic Pathways in Green Microalgae of the Genus Botryococcus. Organic Geochemistry, 75: 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.06.005 |
| Wei, C., Dong, T., He, Z. L., et al., 2021. Major, Trace-Elemental and Sedimentological Characterization of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formations, Sichuan Basin, South China: Insights into the Effect of Relative Sea-Level Fluctuations on Organic Matter Accumulation in Shales. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 126: 104905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.104905 |
| Xiao, Z. L., Chen, S. J., Liu, C. W., et al., 2021. Lake Basin Evolution from Early to Middle Permian and Origin of Triassic Baikouquan Oil in the Western Margin of Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin, China: Evidence from Geochemistry. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 203: 108612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108612 |
| Xue, L. X., Shen, Y. L., Gu, J. Y., et al., 2017. Characteristic and Geological Significance of Trace Elements in Mudstone of Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian in Linxing Area. Coal Geology Exploration, 45(3): 18–24, 31 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Yang, J. D., Yu, Z. F., Guo, X., et al., 2023. Geochemical Characteristics and Organic Matter Enrichment Mechanism in Late Paleozoic Mudstone, Eastern Margin of Ordos Basin. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 42(6): 1104-1119 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Yang, N., 2018. Geochemical Composition of Late Paleozoic Coal and Black Shale from Eastern Ordos Basin, China: [Dissertation]. China University of Geosciences, Beijing (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zhang, G. F., Zheng, Z., Yue, Y. F., et al., 2016. Continuous XRF Element Characteristics and Significance of Sedimentary Facies Indication of the Quaternary Core from Fuzhou Basin. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi, 36(9): 2971–2977 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zhang, L. F., Dong, D. Z., Qiu, Z., et al., 2021. Sedimentology and Geochemistry of Carboniferous–Permian Marine-Continental Transitional Shales in the Eastern Ordos Basin, North China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 571: 110389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110389 |
| Zhang, L., Zhao, P. H., Hou, W., et al., 2023. Geochemical Characteristics and Sedimentary Environment of Mudshale in Shan23 Submember of Shanxi Formation, Eastern Margin of Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Geoscience, 34(2): 181-193 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zheng, W. B., Hu, X. Y., Chen, S. W., et al., 2015. Characteristics of Sedimentary Evolution in the Upper Paleozoic, Daniudi Gasfield, Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 33(2): 306–313 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zhu, T., Yu, L. J., Wang, F., 2017. Comparative Analysis of the Accumulation Conditions and Development Strategies of the Marine and Lacustrine Shale Gas from the Sichuan Basin, China. Natural Gas Geoscience, 28(4): 633–641 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zhu, T., Yu, L. J., Wang, F., 2017. Comparative Analysis of the Accumulation Conditions and Development Strategies of the Marine and Lacustrine Shale Gas from the Sichuan Basin, China. Natural Gas Geoscience, 28(4): 633–641 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
Figures(15) / Tables(1)
Copyright © 2013-2020 Journal of Earth Science 鄂ICP备15021562号-2
Tel: +86-27-67885075 Fax: +86-27-67885075 E-mail: xbb@cug.edu.cn
Address: Editorial Office of Journal, China University of Geosciences, Yujiashan, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
Supported by:
Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd
E-mail:
info@rhhz.net
DownLoad:
