| Citation: | Zhicheng Yu, Jingen Dai, Jie Shen, Kai Yang, Xu Han, Shiying Xu. Subduction-Accretion Process of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean: Insights from the Purang Mélange in the Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone. Journal of Earth Science, 2026, 37(3): 1179-1192. doi: 10.1007/s12583-025-0253-y
|
The Purang mélange, located within the western Yarlung Zangbo suture zone (YZSZ) in southern Tibet, provides valuable insights into the subduction-accretion process along the active southern margin of Asia during the Cretaceous–Paleocene Neo-Tethyan subduction. This mélange consists of sandstone, chert, basalt, and limestone blocks embedded in a mud matrix. We performed petrological and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronological analyses for the sandstone blocks to trace their provenances, while the whole-rock geochemical analyses for the chert and basalt to determine their sedimentary and tectonic settings. The sandstone blocks are primarily composed of quartz, with a few lithic fragments. Both of the sandstone samples exhibit detrital zircon U-Pb age ranges consistent with those of the Tethyan Himalaya. These results suggest that the sandstone blocks of the Purang mélange were derived from the passive continental margin of India. The basalt blocks exhibit three styles according to their geochemical characteristics, indicating that they originated from a subducted Neo-Tethyan slab. The chert blocks, however, display geochemical affinities of both pelagic and continental margins, indicative of a dual origin from both the subducted and overlying slabs. Based on the above observations, we propose a two-stage subduction-accretion process of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. The basalt blocks were scraped from the subducted oceanic slab and incorporated into the subduction complexes during the Neo-Tethyan subduction stage of the Cretaceous, whereas the sandstone blocks of the passive continental margin reached the trench and were subsequently incorporated into the Purang mélange during the India-Asia collision stage of the Paleogene.
| Aikman, A. B., Harrison, T. M., Lin, D., 2008. Evidence for Early (> 44 Ma) Himalayan Crustal Thickening, Tethyan Himalaya, Southeastern Tibet. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 274(1/2): 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2008.06.038 |
| Aitchison, J. C., Badengzhu, Davis, A. M., et al., 2000. Remnants of a Cretaceous Intra-Oceanic Subduction System within the Yarlung-Zangbo Suture (Southern Tibet). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 183(1/2): 231–244.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0 012-821x(00)00287-9 doi: 10.1016/s0012-821x(00)00287-9 |
| Aitchison, J. C., McDermid, I. R. C., Ali, J. R., et al., 2007. Shoshonites in Southern Tibet Record Late Jurassic Rifting of a Tethyan Intraoceanic Island Arc. The Journal of Geology, 115(2): 197–213. https://doi.org/10.1086/510642 |
| An, W., Hu, X. M., Garzanti, E., 2017. Sandstone Provenance and Tectonic Evolution of the Xiukang Mélange from Neotethyan Subduction to India-Asia Collision (Yarlung-Zangbo Suture, South Tibet). Gondwana Research, 41: 222–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2015.08.010 |
| Armstrong, H. A., Owen, A. W., Floyd, J. D., 1999. Rare Earth Geochemistry of Arenig Cherts from the Ballantrae Ophiolite and Leadhills Imbricate Zone, Southern Scotland: Implications for Origin and Significance to the Caledonian Orogeny. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(3): 549–560.https://doi.org/10.1 144/gsjgs.156.3.0549 doi: 10.1144/gsjgs.156.3.0549 |
| Bédard, Hébert, R., Guilmette, C., et al., 2009. Petrology and Geochemistry of the Saga and Sangsang Ophiolitic Massifs, Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Southern Tibet: Evidence for an Arc-Back-Arc Origin. Lithos, 113(1/2): 48–67.https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.lithos.2009.01.011 doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2009.01.011 |
| Cai, F. L., Ding, L., Leary, R. J., et al., 2012. Tectonostratigraphy and Provenance of an Accretionary Complex within the Yarlung-Zangpo Suture Zone, Southern Tibet: Insights into Subduction-Accretion Processes in the Neo-Tethys. Tectonophysics, 574/575: 181–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.016 |
| Cai, F. L., Ding, L., Yue, Y. H., 2011. Provenance Analysis of Upper Cretaceous Strata in the Tethys Himalaya, Southern Tibet: Implications for Timing of India-Asia Collision. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 305(1/2): 195–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.02.055 |
| Chan, G. H. N., Aitchison, J. C., Crowley, Q. G., et al., 2015. U-Pb Zircon Ages for Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone Ophiolites, Southwestern Tibet and Their Tectonic Implications. Gondwana Research, 27(2): 719–732.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.0 6.016 doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2013.06.016 |
| Chen, X., Wang, C. S., Hu, X. M., et al., 2007. Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds: Distribution, Lithostratigraphy and Paleoenvironments. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 81(6): 1070–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2007.tb01029.x |
| Chung, S. L., Chu, M. F., Zhang, Y. Q., et al., 2005. Tibetan Tectonic Evolution Inferred from Spatial and Temporal Variations in Post-Collisional Magmatism. Earth-Science Reviews, 68(3/4): 173–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.05.001 |
| Cui, X. H., Luo, H., Aitchison, J. C., et al., 2021a. Middle Jurassic Radiolarians and Chert Geochemistry, Dajiweng Ophiolite, SW Tibet: Implications for Neotethyan Ocean Evolution. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 221: 104947.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse aes.2021.104947 doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2021.104947 |
| Cui, X. H., Luo, H., Aitchison, J. C., et al., 2021b. Early Cretaceous Radiolarians and Chert Geochemistry from Western Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone in Jiangyema Section, Purang County, SW Tibet. Cretaceous Research, 125: 104840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104840 |
| Cui, X., 2021. Radiolarians and Geochemical Characteristics of the Cherts from the Western Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone, Tibet. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Dai, J. G., Wang, C. S., Li, Y. L., 2012. Relicts of the Early Cretaceous Seamounts in the Central-Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Southern Tibet. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 53: 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.12.024 |
| Dai, J. G., Wang, C. S., Polat, A., et al., 2013. Rapid Forearc Spreading between 130 and 120Ma: Evidence from Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Xigaze Ophiolite, Southern Tibet. Lithos, 172/173: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2013.03.011 |
| DeCelles, P. G., Gehrels, G. E., Quade, J., et al., 2000. Tectonic Implications of U-Pb Zircon Ages of the Himalayan Orogenic Belt in Nepal. Science, 288(5465): 497–499. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.288.5465.497 |
| DeCelles, P. G., Kapp, P., Gehrels, G. E., et al., 2014. Paleocene-Eocene Foreland Basin Evolution in the Himalaya of Southern Tibet and Nepal: Implications for the Age of Initial India-Asia Collision. Tectonics, 33(5): 824–849.https://doi.org/10.1002/201 4tc003522 doi: 10.1002/2014tc003522 |
|
Dickinson, W. R., 1985. Interpreting Provenance Relations from Detrital Modes of Sandstones. Provenance of Arenites. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands: 333–361. |
| Dilek, Y., Festa, A., Ogawa, Y., et al., 2012. Chaos and Geodynamics: Mélanges, Mélange-Forming Processes and Their Significance in the Geological Record. Tectonophysics, 568/569: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.002 |
| Dilek, Y., Thy, P., 2009. Island Arc Tholeiite to Boninitic Melt Evolution of the Cretaceous Kizildag (Turkey) Ophiolite: Model for Multi-Stage Early Arc-Forearc Magmatism in Tethyan Subduction Factories. Lithos, 113(1/2): 68–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.05.044 |
| Du, X. J., Chen, X., Wang, C. S., et al., 2015. Geochemistry and Detrital Zircon U-Pb Dating of Lower Cretaceous Volcaniclastics in the Babazhadong Section, Northern Tethyan Himalaya: Implications for the Breakup of Eastern Gondwana. Cretaceous Research, 52: 127–137.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2014.0 8.002 doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2014.08.002 |
| Dubois-Côté, V., Hébert, R., Dupuis, C., et al., 2005. Petrological and Geochemical Evidence for the Origin of the Yarlung Zangbo Ophiolites, Southern Tibet. Chemical Geology, 214(3/4): 265–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.10.004 |
| Dupuis, C., Hébert, R., Dubois-Côté, V., et al., 2006. Geochemistry of Sedimentary Rocks from Mélange and Flysch Units South of the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Southern Tibet. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 26(5): 489–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2004.11.002 |
| Gao, R., Lu, Z., Klemperer, S. L., et al., 2016. Crustal-Scale Duplexing beneath the Yarlung Zangbo Suture in the Western Himalaya. Nature Geoscience, 9(7): 555–560. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2730 |
| Garzanti, E., 1999. Stratigraphy and Sedimentary History of the Nepal Tethys Himalaya Passive Margin. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 17(5/6): 805–827. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1367-9120(99)00017-6 |
| Garzanti, E., 2019. Petrographic Classification of Sand and Sandstone. Earth-Science Reviews, 192: 545–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.12.014 |
| Gehrels, G., Kapp, P., DeCelles, P., et al., 2011. Detrital Zircon Geochronology of Pre-Tertiary Strata in the Tibetan-Himalayan Orogen. Tectonics, 30(5): TC5016.https://doi.org/10.102 9/2011tc002868 doi: 10.1029/2011tc002868 |
| Guo, X. D., Ding, L., Laskowski, A. K., et al., 2022. Provenance of Late Cretaceous Accretionary Complex within the Yarlung-Zangpo Suture Zone, Bainang, Southern Tibet: Implications for the Subduction-Accretion of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. Gondwana Research, 106: 78–91.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.20 22.01.004 doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2022.01.004 |
| Guo, X., Ding, L., Cai, F., et al., 2019. Subduction and Accretion Process of the Western Segment of the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone in Zhongba Area, Tibet. Chinese Journal of Geology, 54(4): 1031–1047 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Hébert, R., Bezard, R., Guilmette, C., et al., 2012. The Indus-Yarlung Zangbo Ophiolites from Nanga Parbat to Namche Barwa Syntaxes, Southern Tibet: First Synthesis of Petrology, Geochemistry, and Geochronology with Incidences on Geodynamic Reconstructions of Neo-Tethys. Gondwana Research, 22(2): 377–397.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2011.1 0.013 doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2011.10.013 |
| Hou, Y., 2015. Tectonic Property Research on Zhongba Microterrane, Southern Tibet: Evidences from Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology. China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Hu, X. M., Jansa, L., Wang, C. S., 2008. Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Stratigraphy in South-Eastern Tibet: A Comparison with the Western Himalayas. Cretaceous Research, 29(2): 301–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2007.05.005 |
| Hu, X. M., Jansa, L., Chen, L., et al., 2010. Provenance of Lower Cretaceous Wölong Volcaniclastics in the Tibetan Tethyan Himalaya: Implications for the Final Breakup of Eastern Gondwana. Sedimentary Geology, 223(3/4): 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2009.11.008 |
| Ingersoll, R. V., Bullard, T. F., Ford, R. L., et al., 1984. The Effect of Grain Size on Detrital Modes: A Test of the Gazzi-Dickinson Point-Counting Method. SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research, 54(1): 103–116.https://doi.org/10.1306/212f83b9-2b2 4-11d7-8648000102c1865d doi: 10.1306/212f83b9-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d |
| Kretz, R., 1983. Symbols for Rock-Forming Minerals. American Mineralogist, 68(1–2): 277–279 |
| Kusky, T., Wang, J. P., Wang, L., et al., 2020. Mélanges through Time: Life Cycle of the World’s Largest Archean Mélange Compared with Mesozoic and Paleozoic Subduction-Accretion-Collision Mélanges. Earth-Science Reviews, 209: 103303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103303 |
| Laskowski, A. K., Orme, D. A., Cai, F. L., et al., 2019. The Ancestral Lhasa River: A Late Cretaceous Trans-Arc River that Drained the Proto-Tibetan Plateau. Geology, 47(11): 1029–1033. https://doi.org/10.1130/g46823.1 |
| Leier, A. L., Kapp, P., Gehrels, G. E., et al., 2007. Detrital Zircon Geochronology of Carboniferous–Cretaceous Strata in the Lhasa Terrane, Southern Tibet. Basin Research, 19(3): 361–378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2007.00330.x |
| Li, G. W., Sandiford, M., Boger, S., et al., 2015. Provenance of the Upper Cretaceous to Lower Tertiary Sedimentary Relicts in the Renbu Mélange Zone, within the Indus-Yarlung Suture Zone. The Journal of Geology, 123(1): 39–54. https://doi.org/10.1086/680207 |
| Li, X., Wang, C., Li, Y., et al., 2014. Definition and Composition of the Zhongba Microterrane in the Southwest Tibet. Acta Geological Sinica, 88(8): 1372–1381 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Lin, C., Zhang, J., Huang, T., et al., 2020. Tectonic Affinity of Zhongba Microterrane: Constraint from Detritai Zircon Geochronoiogy of the SiIurian–Carboniferous Strata in the Mayum Region, Southern Tibet. Chinese Journal of Geology, 55(2): 574–597 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Liu, C. Z., Wu, F. Y., Wilde, S. A., et al., 2010. Anorthitic Plagioclase and Pargasitic Amphibole in Mantle Peridotites from the Yungbwa Ophiolite (Southwestern Tibetan Plateau) Formed by Hydrous Melt Metasomatism. Lithos, 114(3/4): 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.10.008 |
| Liu, F., Dilek, Y., Yang, J. S., et al., 2021. A Middle Triassic Seamount within the Western Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet: The Earliest Seafloor Spreading Record of Neotethys to the North of East Gondwana. Lithos, 388/389: 106062.https://doi.org/10.101 6/j.lithos.2021.106062 doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106062 |
| Liu, F., Yang, J. S., Dilek, Y., et al., 2015. Geochronology and Geochemistry of Basaltic Lavas in the Dongbo and Purang Ophiolites of the Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone: Plume-Influenced Continental Margin-Type Oceanic Lithosphere in Southern Tibet. Gondwana Research, 27(2): 701–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2014.08.002 |
| Liu, G. H., Einsele, G., 1994. Sedimentary History of the Tethyan Basin in the Tibetan Himalayas. Geologische Rundschau, 83(1): 32–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00211893 |
| Ma, X. D., Tan, X. D., Li, Y. L., et al., 2024. Paleolatitude of Mafic Dykes in the Xiugugabu Ophiolite: Implications for the Intraoceanic Trans-Tethyan Subduction Zone and Multistage India-Eurasia Collision. Tectonophysics, 889: 230466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230466 |
| Malpas, J., Zhou, M. F., Robinson, P. T., et al., 2003. Geochemical and Geochronological Constraints on the Origin and Emplacement of the Yarlung Zangbo Ophiolites, Southern Tibet. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 218(1): 191–206. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2003.218.01.11 |
| Meng, Z. Y., Wang, J. G., Garzanti, E., et al., 2021. Late Triassic Rifting and Volcanism on the Northeastern Indian Margin: A New Phase of Neo-Tethyan Seafloor Spreading and Its Paleogeographic Implications. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 570: 110367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110367 |
| Meng, Z. Y., Wang, J. G., Ji, W. Q., et al., 2019. The Langjiexue Group Is an in-situ Sedimentary Sequence rather than an Exotic Block: Constraints from Coeval Upper Triassic Strata of the Tethys Himalaya (Qulonggongba Formation). Science China Earth Sciences, 62(5): 783–797. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-018-9314-9 |
| Metcalf, K., Kapp, P., 2017. The Yarlung Suture Mélange, Lopu Range, Southern Tibet: Provenance of Sandstone Blocks and Transition from Oceanic Subduction to Continental Collision. Gondwana Research, 48: 15–33.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.201 7.03.002 doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2017.03.002 |
| Miller, C., 2003. Geochemistry and Tectonomagmatic Affinity of the Yungbwa Ophiolite, SW Tibet. Lithos, 66(3/4): 155–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0024-4937(02)00217-7 |
| Murphy, M. A., Yin, A., 2003. Structural Evolution and Sequence of Thrusting in the Tethyan Fold-Thrust Belt and Indus-Yalu Suture Zone, Southwest Tibet. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 115(1): 21–34.https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2003)1150021:seasot>2.0.co;2 doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(2003)1150021:seasot>2.0.co;2 |
| Murray, R. W., 1994. Chemical Criteria to Identify the Depositional Environment of Chert: General Principles and Applications. Sedimentary Geology, 90(3/4): 213–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(94)90039-6 |
| Murray, R. W., Buchholtz Ten Brink, M. R., Gerlach, D. C., et al., 1992. Rare Earth, Major, and Trace Element Composition of Monterey and DSDP Chert and Associated Host Sediment: Assessing the Influence of Chemical Fractionation during Diagenesis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 56(7): 2657–2671. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(92)90351-I |
| Myrow, P. M., Hughes, N. C., Searle, M. P., et al., 2009. Stratigraphic Correlation of Cambrian–Ordovician Deposits along the Himalaya: Implications for the Age and Nature of Rocks in the Mount Everest Region. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 121(3/4): 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1130/b26384.1 |
| Orme, D. A., Carrapa, B., Kapp, P., 2015. Sedimentology, Provenance and Geochronology of the Upper Cretaceous–Lower Eocene Western Xigaze Forearc Basin, Southern Tibet. Basin Research, 27(4): 387–411.https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.1 2080 doi: 10.1111/bre.12080 |
| Orme, D. A., Laskowski, A. K., Zilinsky, M. F., et al., 2021. Sedimentology and Provenance of Newly Identified Upper Cretaceous Trench Basin Strata, Dênggar, Southern Tibet: Implications for Development of the Eurasian Margin Prior to India-Asia Collision. Basin Research, 33(2): 1454–1473. https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12521 |
| Pullen, A., Kapp, P., Gehrels, G. E., et al., 2008. Gangdese Retroarc Thrust Belt and Foreland Basin Deposits in the Damxung Area, Southern Tibet. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 33(5/6): 323–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.01.005 |
| Sharman, G. R., Sharman, J. P., Sylvester, Z., 2018. DetritalPy: A Python-Based Toolset for Visualizing and Analysing Detrital Geo-Thermochronologic Data. The Depositional Record, 4(2): 202–215. https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.45 |
| Sun, G., Hu, X., 2012. Tectonic Aftnity of Zhongba Terrane: Evidences from the Detrital Zircon Geochronology and Hf Isotopes. Acta Petrological Sinica, 28(5): 1635–1646 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Sun, S. S., McDonough, W. F., 1989. Chemical and Isotopic Systematics of Oceanic Basalts: Implications for Mantle Composition and Processes. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 42(1): 313–345. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1989.042.01.19 |
| Tapponnier, P., Mercier, J. L., Proust, F., et al., 1981. The Tibetan Side of the India-Eurasia Collision. Nature, 294(5840): 405–410. https://doi.org/10.1038/294405a0 |
| Vermeesch, P., 2013. Multi-Sample Comparison of Detrital Age Distributions. Chemical Geology, 341: 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.01.010 |
| Wang, H. Q., Ding, L., Kapp, P., et al., 2018. Earliest Cretaceous Accretion of Neo-Tethys Oceanic Subduction along the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone, Sangsang Area, Southern Tibet. Tectonophysics, 744: 373–389.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.20 18.07.024 doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2018.07.024 |
| Wang, Q., Zhu, D. C., Cawood, P. A., et al., 2021. Resolving the Paleogeographic Puzzle of the Lhasa Terrane in Southern Tibet. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(15): e2021GL094236. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl094236 |
| Webb, A. A. G., Yin, A., Dubey, C. S., 2013. U-Pb Zircon Geochronology of Major Lithologic Units in the Eastern Himalaya: Implications for the Origin and Assembly of Himalayan Rocks. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 125(3/4): 499–522. https://doi.org/10.1130/b30626.1 |
| Wu, F. -Y., Ji, W. -Q., Wang, J. -G., et al., 2014. Zircon U-Pb and Hf Isotopic Constraints on the Onset Time of India-Asia Collision. American Journal of Science, 314(2): 548–579. https://doi.org/10.2475/02.2014.04 |
| Xiao, S. Q., Li, Y. L., He, J., et al., 2023. Late Permian Rift-Related Volcanic Rocks from the Zhongba Terrane, Southern Tibet: Implications for the Opening of the Neotethys. International Geology Review, 65(10): 1682–1695.https://doi.org/10.1080/00 206814.2022.2103847 doi: 10.1080/00206814.2022.2103847 |
| Xiong, Z. Y., Liu, X. H., Ding, L., et al., 2022. The Rise and Demise of the Paleogene Central Tibetan Valley. Science Advances, 8(6): eabj0944. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj0944 |
| Xu, Z. Q., Dilek, Y., Yang, J. S., et al., 2015. Crustal Structure of the Indus-Tsangpo Suture Zone and Its Ophiolites in Southern Tibet. Gondwana Research, 27(2): 507–524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2014.08.001 |
| Yin, A., Harrison, T. M., 2000. Geologic Evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 28: 211–280.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.2 8.1.211 doi: 10.1146/annurev.earth.28.1.211 |
| Yu, Y., Xu, X., and Gao, R., 2020. Seismic Evidence for Tectonic Affinity of the Yungbwa Ophiolitic Complex. Chinese J. Geophys, 63(3): 840–846 (in Chinese with English Abstract) |
| Zhang, L., Wang, G. H., Park, C., et al., 2020. Tectonic Evolution of North-Eastern Tethyan Himalaya: Evidence from U-Pb Geochronology and Hf Isotopic Geochemistry of Detrital Zircons. Geological Journal, 55(5): 3694–3715. https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.3617 |
| Zhu, D. C., Mo, X. X., Niu, Y. L., et al., 2009. Zircon U-Pb Dating and in-situ Hf Isotopic Analysis of Permian Peraluminous Granite in the Lhasa Terrane, Southern Tibet: Implications for Permian Collisional Orogeny and Paleogeography. Tectonophysics, 469(1/2/3/4): 48–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.01.017 |
| Zhu, D. C., Zhao, Z. D., Niu, Y., et al., 2011a. Lhasa Terrane in Southern Tibet Came from Australia. Geology, 39(8): 727–730. https://doi.org/10.1130/g31895.1 |
| Zhu, D. C., Zhao, Z. D., Niu, Y. L., et al., 2011b. The Lhasa Terrane: Record of a Microcontinent and Its Histories of Drift and Growth. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 301(1/2): 241–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.005 |
Figures(10)
Copyright © 2013-2020 Journal of Earth Science 鄂ICP备15021562号-2
Tel: +86-27-67885075 Fax: +86-27-67885075 E-mail: xbb@cug.edu.cn
Address: Editorial Office of Journal, China University of Geosciences, Yujiashan, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
Supported by:
Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd
E-mail:
info@rhhz.net
DownLoad:
