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Volume 37 Issue 3
Jun 2026
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Ling Wang, Fujun Zhong, Liangpeng Deng, Hengcong Lei, Xiao-Ying Gao. Water Migration during Deep Continental Crust Exhumation: Ultrahigh-Pressure Garnet Pyroxenite Constraints from the Dabie Orogen, China. Journal of Earth Science, 2026, 37(3): 1112-1130. doi: 10.1007/s12583-025-0365-4
Citation: Ling Wang, Fujun Zhong, Liangpeng Deng, Hengcong Lei, Xiao-Ying Gao. Water Migration during Deep Continental Crust Exhumation: Ultrahigh-Pressure Garnet Pyroxenite Constraints from the Dabie Orogen, China. Journal of Earth Science, 2026, 37(3): 1112-1130. doi: 10.1007/s12583-025-0365-4

Water Migration during Deep Continental Crust Exhumation: Ultrahigh-Pressure Garnet Pyroxenite Constraints from the Dabie Orogen, China

doi: 10.1007/s12583-025-0365-4
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  • Corresponding author: Xiao-Ying Gao, gaoying@ustc.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 09 Feb 2025
  • Accepted Date: 20 Aug 2025
  • Available Online: 10 Jun 2026
  • Issue Publish Date: 30 Jun 2026
  • Subduction-driven water (H2O) cycling plays a fundamental role in Earth's geodynamics. However, the migration of H2O during continental slab exhumation is poorly constrained. This study investigates Triassic ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) garnet pyroxenites from the Dabie Orogen, China, to quantify H2O loss during hot exhumation (> 900 ℃). By integrating petrology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and phase equilibrium modeling, we reconstructed the pressure-temperature (P-T) evolution of UHP garnet pyroxenites. This reveals a clockwise trajectory from UHP eclogite-facies conditions (3.2–3.6 GPa, 960–1 040 ℃) to retrograde high-pressure (HP) granulite-facies overprinting (1.7–2.0 GPa, 1 040–1 120 ℃). The FTIR analyses reveal that primary H2O concentrations in mineral domains remain unaffected by later fluid influx or diffusion. Clinopyroxene cores (407 ppm–2 114 ppm; average of 1 135 ppm) and garnet inclusions (1 648 ppm–2 138 ppm; average of 1 893 ppm) retain UHP signatures, while clinopyroxene rims (65 ppm–928 ppm; average of 475 ppm) record HP signatures. Using a clinopyroxene-garnet partition coefficient (0.6) calibrated under UHP conditions, HP garnet H2O content is estimated at 108 ppm–1 546 ppm (average of 792 ppm). Phase equilibrium calculations indicate that both UHP eclogite-facies and HP granulite-facies mineral assemblages primarily consist of garnet and clinopyroxene and lack hydrous minerals. Thus, the total H2O loss from these phases during hot exhumation approximates that of the whole rock in this process. Data analysis reveals a considerable H2O loss during the initial stage of decompressional exhumation. The spatio-temporal distribution of the selected samples indicates that UHP metamorphic fluids likely flowed during early hot exhumation, with 1 m3 of UHP eclogite potentially releasing ~3.11 kg of H2O. Petrographic evidence (omphacite-hosted melt pseudomorphs: quartz + plagioclase ± albite) links H2O release to partial melting, which may enhance mechanical decoupling during exhumation. Our results reveal the migration of H2O during hot exhumation and advance the understanding of crust-mantle interactions in continental collisional orogens.

     

  • Electronic Supplementary Materials: Supplementary materials (ESM Ⅰ Analytical Methods and Figures S1–S6, ESM Ⅱ Tables S1–S7) are available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-025-0365-4.
    Conflict of Interest
    The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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