2010 Vol. 21, No. 4
Display Method:
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0100-6
Abstract:
The contemporary stress field in the earth’s crust is important and provides insights into mechanisms that drive plate motions. In this study, elastic plane stress finite element modeling incorporating realistic rock parameters was used to calculate the stress field, displacement field, and deformation of the plate interactions in the eastern Mediterranean. Modeled stress data for the African- Arabian-Anatolian plate interactions with fixed European platform correlate well with observed con-temporary stress indicator from the world stress map (WSM) and focal mechanism of earthquakes; while displacement field agrees qualitatively well with GPS vectors and sense of motion indicated by focal mechanisms for large crustal earthquakes (Ms>6) and plate motion models...
The contemporary stress field in the earth’s crust is important and provides insights into mechanisms that drive plate motions. In this study, elastic plane stress finite element modeling incorporating realistic rock parameters was used to calculate the stress field, displacement field, and deformation of the plate interactions in the eastern Mediterranean. Modeled stress data for the African- Arabian-Anatolian plate interactions with fixed European platform correlate well with observed con-temporary stress indicator from the world stress map (WSM) and focal mechanism of earthquakes; while displacement field agrees qualitatively well with GPS vectors and sense of motion indicated by focal mechanisms for large crustal earthquakes (Ms>6) and plate motion models...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0101-5
Abstract:
Because literatures about the lipid compositions of modern soils in karst areas are scarce, we have studied the soil horizons overlying the Heshang (和尚) Cave that has provided paleoclimate records from speleothem lipid contents. Our analysis reveals a series of n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones distribution and relative abundance changing with the depth, and in which the ratios of the lower molecular weight to higher molecular weight n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones have a peak at a subsurface depth of 5 to 10 cm...
Because literatures about the lipid compositions of modern soils in karst areas are scarce, we have studied the soil horizons overlying the Heshang (和尚) Cave that has provided paleoclimate records from speleothem lipid contents. Our analysis reveals a series of n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones distribution and relative abundance changing with the depth, and in which the ratios of the lower molecular weight to higher molecular weight n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones have a peak at a subsurface depth of 5 to 10 cm...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0102-4
Abstract:
The ages for porphyry Mo deposits in south segment of Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeast China, are not well known. Five molybdenite samples from the Aolunhua (奥伦花) porphyry Mo deposit, five molybdenite samples from the Yangchang (羊场) porphyry-quartz vein Mo deposit and two molybdenite samples from the Banlashan (半拉山) porphyry Mo deposit were selected for Re-Os dating. Three deposits are spatial-temporally associated with the granite porphyry stock...
The ages for porphyry Mo deposits in south segment of Da Hinggan Mountains, Northeast China, are not well known. Five molybdenite samples from the Aolunhua (奥伦花) porphyry Mo deposit, five molybdenite samples from the Yangchang (羊场) porphyry-quartz vein Mo deposit and two molybdenite samples from the Banlashan (半拉山) porphyry Mo deposit were selected for Re-Os dating. Three deposits are spatial-temporally associated with the granite porphyry stock...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0103-3
Abstract:
The calcite dissolution rates at 50–250 ℃ and 20 MPa in deionized water with flow rate varying from 0.2 to 5 mL/min were experimentally measured in a continuous flow column pressure vessel reactor. Equilibrium concentration (ceq) of calcite dissolution in deionized water at 20 MPa was determined using dissolution data according to the iterative method presented by Jeschke and Dreybrodt. The equilibrium concentrations at 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ℃ are 1.84×10-4, 2.23×10-4, 2.25×10-4, 2.31×10-4 and 2.24×10-4 mol/L, respectively. The ceq increases first and then decreases with temperature varying from 50 to 250 ℃ at 20 MPa, and the same variation trend occurs at 10 MPa with lower values...
The calcite dissolution rates at 50–250 ℃ and 20 MPa in deionized water with flow rate varying from 0.2 to 5 mL/min were experimentally measured in a continuous flow column pressure vessel reactor. Equilibrium concentration (ceq) of calcite dissolution in deionized water at 20 MPa was determined using dissolution data according to the iterative method presented by Jeschke and Dreybrodt. The equilibrium concentrations at 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ℃ are 1.84×10-4, 2.23×10-4, 2.25×10-4, 2.31×10-4 and 2.24×10-4 mol/L, respectively. The ceq increases first and then decreases with temperature varying from 50 to 250 ℃ at 20 MPa, and the same variation trend occurs at 10 MPa with lower values...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0104-2
Abstract:
The Baicheng (拜城) piggy-back basin was part of the intracontinental foreland basin system of southern Tianshan (天山) Mountains. It was formed on a thrust-and-fold belt induced by Mio–Pliocene collision between southern Tianshan Mountains and Tarim craton that controlled the thick synorogenic basin fills. Sedimentological analysis and a restored cross-section based on seismic data and field studies revealed three tectono-depositional sequences of synorogenic basin fills. (1) The Lower Miocene sequence (Jidike (吉迪克) Formation) was formed under alluvial-braided river-lacustrine environments, in response to geodynamic changes of the Kuqa (库车) fold and thrust belt from the embryonic foreland to a foredeep in the course of orogenic loading period...
The Baicheng (拜城) piggy-back basin was part of the intracontinental foreland basin system of southern Tianshan (天山) Mountains. It was formed on a thrust-and-fold belt induced by Mio–Pliocene collision between southern Tianshan Mountains and Tarim craton that controlled the thick synorogenic basin fills. Sedimentological analysis and a restored cross-section based on seismic data and field studies revealed three tectono-depositional sequences of synorogenic basin fills. (1) The Lower Miocene sequence (Jidike (吉迪克) Formation) was formed under alluvial-braided river-lacustrine environments, in response to geodynamic changes of the Kuqa (库车) fold and thrust belt from the embryonic foreland to a foredeep in the course of orogenic loading period...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0105-1
Abstract:
The reservoirs within the Chang 8 Member of Yanchang (延长) Formation in the southwestern Ordos basin are characterized by low permeability. It is significant to build a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework for the exploration and development of these reservoirs. Based on an integrated investigation of well logs, seismic data, cores and outcrops, the Chang 8 Member is inter-preted as a 3rd-order transgressive-regressive (T-R) sequence, which consists of six 4th-order T-R se-quences, namely, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6, respectively, from base to top. Each 4th-order sequence comprises a transgressive systems tract overlain by a regressive systems tract. From K1 to transgressive systems tract of K4, it is characterized by the landward shifts of facies and overall retrogradational se-quence stacking pattern due to accommodation increase more than sediment supply during the 3rd-order base-level rise...
The reservoirs within the Chang 8 Member of Yanchang (延长) Formation in the southwestern Ordos basin are characterized by low permeability. It is significant to build a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework for the exploration and development of these reservoirs. Based on an integrated investigation of well logs, seismic data, cores and outcrops, the Chang 8 Member is inter-preted as a 3rd-order transgressive-regressive (T-R) sequence, which consists of six 4th-order T-R se-quences, namely, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6, respectively, from base to top. Each 4th-order sequence comprises a transgressive systems tract overlain by a regressive systems tract. From K1 to transgressive systems tract of K4, it is characterized by the landward shifts of facies and overall retrogradational se-quence stacking pattern due to accommodation increase more than sediment supply during the 3rd-order base-level rise...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0106-0
Abstract:
The Pearl River Mouth basin (PRMB) is a marginal sedimentary basin of the South China Sea. It trends NE and is divided into three segments from west to east by two NW-trending faults. Changing dramatically in structures along and across strike, the PRMB is a good example to analyze main factors that might control the process of a continental rift basin’s extension. Through five series of analogue experiments, we investigate the role of different factors, such as pre-existing discontinuities of crust, rheological profiles of lithosphere, kinematics of extension and presence of magmatic bodies and strong crustal portions (rigid massifs) on the development of basin’s structures. After being compared with the architecture of the natural prototype, the results of the analogue models were compared with the architecture of the natural prototype and used to infer the role of the different factors controlling the formation and evolution of the PRMB...
The Pearl River Mouth basin (PRMB) is a marginal sedimentary basin of the South China Sea. It trends NE and is divided into three segments from west to east by two NW-trending faults. Changing dramatically in structures along and across strike, the PRMB is a good example to analyze main factors that might control the process of a continental rift basin’s extension. Through five series of analogue experiments, we investigate the role of different factors, such as pre-existing discontinuities of crust, rheological profiles of lithosphere, kinematics of extension and presence of magmatic bodies and strong crustal portions (rigid massifs) on the development of basin’s structures. After being compared with the architecture of the natural prototype, the results of the analogue models were compared with the architecture of the natural prototype and used to infer the role of the different factors controlling the formation and evolution of the PRMB...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0107-z
Abstract:
A fluid inclusion fluorescence and microthermometric study was performed on sandstones from the deep Es4 reservoir rocks of the Minfeng (民丰) sag, north of Dongying (东营) depression. Two types of oil inclusions (yellow and blue white fluorescence), one type of gas inclusions (blue white fluorescence), and bitumen inclusions (no fluorescence) were detected within quartz and feldspar minerals. The evolution of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions in the lower Es4 sequence indicates that present oil accumulation was predominantly thermal stress controlled. Homogenization temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions coexisting with gas-bearing and bitumen-bearing fluid inclusions indicate that oil cracking occurred at temperatures up to 160 ℃, primary condensate or wet gas generation occurred during 170–195 ℃. Oil has cracked into condensate or wet gas in the depth of 4 300– 4 410 m and dry gas and abundant pyrobitumen in the depth of more than 4 410 m in the geological history based on the fluid inclusion extrapolation...
A fluid inclusion fluorescence and microthermometric study was performed on sandstones from the deep Es4 reservoir rocks of the Minfeng (民丰) sag, north of Dongying (东营) depression. Two types of oil inclusions (yellow and blue white fluorescence), one type of gas inclusions (blue white fluorescence), and bitumen inclusions (no fluorescence) were detected within quartz and feldspar minerals. The evolution of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions in the lower Es4 sequence indicates that present oil accumulation was predominantly thermal stress controlled. Homogenization temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions coexisting with gas-bearing and bitumen-bearing fluid inclusions indicate that oil cracking occurred at temperatures up to 160 ℃, primary condensate or wet gas generation occurred during 170–195 ℃. Oil has cracked into condensate or wet gas in the depth of 4 300– 4 410 m and dry gas and abundant pyrobitumen in the depth of more than 4 410 m in the geological history based on the fluid inclusion extrapolation...
Seismic Sedimentology and Its Application in Shallow Sea Area, Gentle Slope Belt of Chengning Uplift
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0108-y
Abstract:
Seismic sedimentology is a new frontier inter-discipline subject, and shows good prospect and potentiality in reservoir deposition research with seismic data and geophysics technologies. We made seismic sedimentology research of shallow sea area, gentle slope belt of Chengning (埕宁) uplift, Bohai-wan (渤海湾) basin. In shallow sea area with sparse well coverage, it was difficult to characterize the reservoir architecture with the traditional method based on wells. A new method to resolve the above problems is built: (1) information on plane and in section is inter-calibrated with each other; (2) recog-nize the isochronic surfaces by frequency decomposition and interpret the depositional character with technology of stratal slicing; (3) make a comprehensive research with the stratal slice interpretation and the dissection of well group...
Seismic sedimentology is a new frontier inter-discipline subject, and shows good prospect and potentiality in reservoir deposition research with seismic data and geophysics technologies. We made seismic sedimentology research of shallow sea area, gentle slope belt of Chengning (埕宁) uplift, Bohai-wan (渤海湾) basin. In shallow sea area with sparse well coverage, it was difficult to characterize the reservoir architecture with the traditional method based on wells. A new method to resolve the above problems is built: (1) information on plane and in section is inter-calibrated with each other; (2) recog-nize the isochronic surfaces by frequency decomposition and interpret the depositional character with technology of stratal slicing; (3) make a comprehensive research with the stratal slice interpretation and the dissection of well group...
2010, 12(4)
doi: 10.1007/s12583-010-0109-x
Abstract:
Valuable industrial oil and gas were discovered in the formations of Ordovician, Carboniferous and Triassic of the Tahe (塔河) oilfield, Xinjiang (新疆), China. The Carboniferous formations contain several oil- and gas-bearing layers. The lateral distribution of Carboniferous reservoir is unstable, and thin layers are crossbedded. This makes it difficult to do lateral formations’ contrast and reservoir prediction, so it is necessary to develop a method that can achieve reservoir lateral contrast and prediction by using multi-well logging data and seismic data. To achieve reservoir lateral contrast and prediction at the Carboniferous formations of the Tahe oilfield, processing and interpretation of logging data from a single well were done first...
Valuable industrial oil and gas were discovered in the formations of Ordovician, Carboniferous and Triassic of the Tahe (塔河) oilfield, Xinjiang (新疆), China. The Carboniferous formations contain several oil- and gas-bearing layers. The lateral distribution of Carboniferous reservoir is unstable, and thin layers are crossbedded. This makes it difficult to do lateral formations’ contrast and reservoir prediction, so it is necessary to develop a method that can achieve reservoir lateral contrast and prediction by using multi-well logging data and seismic data. To achieve reservoir lateral contrast and prediction at the Carboniferous formations of the Tahe oilfield, processing and interpretation of logging data from a single well were done first...
